Properties of water

Question 1

What kind of bond does water have? and why

Answer 1

It is polar covalent bc oxygen has more electronegativity than hydrogen

H+
OH-

Question 2

What is specific heat?
-what kind of specific heat does water have and what does that mean?

Answer 2

The amount of heat that must be absorbed or lost for 1 gram of substance to change its temp by 1 degree C

Water has a HIGH specific heat, so it takes more energy for the temp to change which is why we do not freeze when we go outside

Question 3

Temperature represents what?
and what does the changes in temp mean?

Answer 3

The average kinetic energy of molecules

Higher temp= more kinetic energy
Lower temp= less kinetic energy

Question 4

Describe the H-bonds in liquid water

Answer 4

Continuous formation of hydrogen bonds forming, breaking, and forming again

Question 5

Describe the H-bonds in ice

Answer 5

As the temp goes down bc ice is cold, H-bond breakage slows down

Question 6

Describe the H-bonds in Gas (water vaporization)

Answer 6

As temp gets hotter, H-bond breakage speeds up

Question 7

When you go from ice to water is energy added or released?

Answer 7

Added

Question 8

When you go from water to gas is energy added or removed?

Answer 8

Added

Question 9

When you go from gas to water is energy added or removed?

Answer 9

Removed

Question 10

When you go from water to ice is energy added or removed?

Answer 10

Removed

Question 11

How does water freeze?

Answer 11

From top-down

Question 12

Cohesion

Answer 12

Water molecules are attracted to other water molecules and stick to each other via hydrogen bonding

Question 13

Adhesion

Answer 13

Water molecules are attracted to other polar molecules and stick to each other via hydrogen bonding

Question 14

Surface tension

Answer 14

Measure of the attraction between molecules at the surface of the liquid

Question 15

Solute

Answer 15

Substance that dissolves in liquid

Question 16

Solvent

Answer 16

Liquid that substance dissolves in

Question 17

Solution

Answer 17

When solute dissolves in solvent

Question 18

Hydration shell

Answer 18

Water molecule’s attraction to a
substance, and the shielding of the
charged nature of that substance
by water molecules

Question 19

Hydrophilic

Answer 19

“water-loving”
* Dissolves in water
* Often polar or ionic

Question 20

Hydrophobic

Answer 20

• “water-fearing”
• Insoluble in water
• Nonpolar, no charge

Question 21

Amphipathic def
and what do they form?

Answer 21

Have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions
Amphipathic molecules form micelles when placed into water

Question 22

Chemical reactions occur when?

Answer 22

2 or more elements or compounds combine
* 1 compound breaks down into 2 or more molecules
* Electrons added to or removed from atom

Question 23

What is pH?

Answer 23

scale used to describe the
concentration of H+ and OH-

Question 24

What happens to pH when it is more acidic

Answer 24

pH goes down

Question 25

What happens to pH when it is more basic

Answer 25

pH goes up

Question 26

What do Buffers do?

Answer 26

Buffers help to maintain a constant pH * Buffers: * Pair of substances that minimize pH fluctuations in the fluids of living organisms * Consist of: * Acid and its related base

Question 27

Do ions and polar molecules dissolve readily in water?

Answer 27

yes Anions are attracted to the H+ Cations are attracted to the OH-

Question 28

Since Water can dissociate into ions, H can shift from one water molecule to another, leaving behind what?

Answer 28

Leaving behind a hydroxide ion (OH-), and forming a hydronium ion (H3O+)

Question 29

If a strong acid is added to a buffer (a.k.a. a weak acid) what will happen to the pH

Answer 29

When a strong acid is added to a buffer (a weak acid), the weak base in the buffer reacts with the H+ from the strong acid to form the weak acid HA. The pH change is only slight