properties of water Flashcards
(35 cards)
COHESION:
-Water molecules that stick to each other
E.G-Water to plants & animals
ADHESION:
-Water Molecules stick to other substances
E.G-Water to flow
SURFACE TENSION:
-Properties that allows water to resist an external force
E.G-Bee resting on water
UNIVERSAL SOLVENT:
-Everything can dissolve in the cell making it move faster
E.G-Salt and sugar
HEAT CAPACITY:
-water can absorb a lot of heat energy and releases it slowly
E.G-Temperature of oceans does not change quick.
WHAT ARE WATERS THREE STATES:
1-Solid
2-Liquid
3-Gas
WHAT IS THE FREEZING AND BOILING POINT OF WATER:
BOILING POINT:
-100 Degrees
FREEZING POINT:
-0 Degrees
WHAT IS THE PARTICLE MODEL:
- Heat gives particles energy.
- Cold gives particles less energy.
- All particles are the same size.
- All particles are a different space apart.
WHAT IS DENSITY:
Density describes how tightly packed together something is you solve for density by the mass of an object divided by its volume.
Order the states of matter from most to least dense
Liquid (Water)
Solid (Ice)
Gas (Vapor/Steam)
WHY DOES ICE FLOAT:
Ice floats because it is less dense than water. When water freezes, its molecules form a structure that spreads them out, creating more space between them. This makes ice less dense than liquid water, so it floats.
WHAT IS THE SIGNIFICANCE OF ICE FLOATING ON LIQUID WATER:
-Ice floating on water helps insulate lakes and oceans, keeping them from freezing solid. This protects aquatic life and helps maintain stable temperatures in ecosystems.
WHAT IS THE WATER CYCLE:
-The water cycle is the way water moves around the Earth. It goes from the ground to the air and back again
TERMS/DEFINITIONS:
PRECIPITATION
-Water falls from the sky (rain/snow/hail).
EVAPORATION
-Turns liquid to gas.
CONDENSATION
-Turns gas into liquid.
TRANSPIRATION
-Plants release water vapor.
INFILTRATION
-Water soaks into the ground.
RUN-OFF
-Flow of water on the ground.
SUN
-Provides light/heat.
DEFINITION OF HEAT/TEMPERATURE:
Heat is the energy that flows from a hotter object to a cooler one, while temperature measures how hot or cold something is, based on the average energy of its particles.
DEFINITION OF TRANSFER OF THERMAL ENERGY:
-The warmer the object, transfers the thermal energy to the cooler object
EXAMPLE OF LOW & HIGH THERMAL ENERGY
Example:
Ice = low thermal energy,
hot drink = high thermal energy.
WHAT DO ALL PARTICLES DO
Particles have energy and are always moving/vibrating.
linking kinetic and thermal energy
If particles in a substance have lots of kinetic energy, then the substance has a lot of thermal energy. And if a substance has little kinetic then it has minimal thermal energy
TYPES OF THERMAL ENERGY AND HOW HEAT CAN BE TRANSFERRED:
CONDUCTION:
By direct contact.
CONVECTION:
By the flow of matter.
RADIATION:
By electromagnetic waves.
CONDUCTORS & INSULATORS
conductor- All materials that allow thermal energy to flow easily.
E.G-
Paper clip/penny/pencil lead
insulator- A material that doesn’t allow thermal energy to flow.
E.G.-
Cotton/Rubber/Stryophone
HEAT TRANSFER BY CONDUCTION:
By direct contact, Heat moves through solids, When one part of a solid is heated, its particles move faster and collide with nearby particles, transferring energy. This continues throughout the material.
HEAT TRANSFER BY CONVECTION:
Heat moves through liquids or gases, When a fluid, like air or water, gets heated, it becomes lighter and rises. The cooler, heavier fluid sinks. This creates a circular movement called a convection current.
HOW IS THE WATER STRUCTURE DISTURBED BY URBANIZATION:
More fast runoff leads to floods.
Pollution from roads and buildings dirties water.
Less water soaks into the ground.
The speed and flow of rivers and streams are changed.
Natural habitats are damaged.
