Propiedades de los gases, leyes de los gases y sus aplicaciones Flashcards
(25 cards)
What is the definition of a gas?
A gas is a state of matter that has no fixed shape or volume and expands to fill its container.
True or False: Gases have a definite volume.
False
What are the three main properties of gases?
The three main properties of gases are pressure, volume, and temperature.
Which law states that the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume at constant temperature?
Boyle’s Law
Fill in the blank: According to Charles’s Law, the volume of a gas increases with an increase in _____ at constant pressure.
temperature
What is the relationship described by Gay-Lussac’s Law?
The pressure of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature at constant volume.
What is the ideal gas law equation?
PV = nRT
True or False: The ideal gas law applies to all gases under all conditions.
False
What does ‘n’ represent in the ideal gas law?
‘n’ represents the number of moles of the gas.
What is the standard temperature and pressure (STP) for gases?
0 degrees Celsius (273.15 K) and 1 atm (101.3 kPa).
What happens to the volume of a gas when the pressure is increased, assuming temperature is constant?
The volume decreases.
Fill in the blank: Avogadro’s Law states that equal volumes of gases at the same _____ and _____ contain an equal number of molecules.
temperature, pressure
What is Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures?
It states that the total pressure of a gas mixture is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of each individual gas.
True or False: Real gases behave exactly as ideal gases under all conditions.
False
What is the significance of the van der Waals equation?
It accounts for the volume of gas particles and the attractive forces between them, providing a more accurate description of real gases.
What is the relationship between temperature and kinetic energy of gas particles?
The kinetic energy of gas particles increases with an increase in temperature.
What is meant by ‘compressibility’ in gases?
Compressibility refers to the ability of a gas to decrease in volume under pressure.
Fill in the blank: The _____ of a gas is defined as the force exerted by the gas per unit area.
pressure
What is a common application of gas laws in the real world?
Gas laws are used in various applications, including weather forecasting, breathing mechanics, and internal combustion engines.
True or False: Gases have high densities compared to liquids and solids.
False
What is the effect of increasing temperature on the solubility of gases in liquids?
Increasing temperature decreases the solubility of gases in liquids.
What does the term ‘effusion’ refer to in relation to gases?
Effusion is the process by which gas molecules escape from a container through a tiny opening.
In what type of gas behavior do particles occupy a negligible volume compared to the volume of their container?
Ideal gas behavior
What is the primary factor that causes real gases to deviate from ideal gas behavior at high pressures?
The volume of gas particles becomes significant compared to the volume of the container.
