Prostaglandin Pharmacology Practice Questions Flashcards
PGI2:
A) alprostadil
B) misoprostol
C) dinoprostone
D) latanoprost
E) bimatroprost
F) tafluprost
G) travoprost
H) carboprost
I) epoprostenol
J) iloprost
K) treprostinil
I – Epoprostenol is the drug name for PGI2. It is chemically the same as the native PGI2.
PGE1 analog used with mifepristone for termination of early pregnancy:
A) alprostadil
B) misoprostol
C) dinoprostone
D) latanoprost
E) bimatroprost
F) tafluprost
G) travoprost
H) carboprost
I) epoprostenol
J) iloprost
K) treprostinil
B – Misoprostol is an analog of PGE1 (the structure is modified from that of native PGE1) that causes uterine contractions, thus contributing to expelling uterine contents in early abortion
When administered for pulmonary arterial hypertension, this prostaglandin analog may cause cough and bronchoconstriction:
A) alprostadil
B) misoprostol
C) dinoprostone
D) latanoprost
E) bimatroprost
F) tafluprost
G) travoprost
H) carboprost
I) epoprostenol
J) iloprost
K) treprostinil
J – Iloprost is a PGI2 analog which is administered by nebulizer for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension, because the direct airway exposure can sensitize airway neurons.
See if you can identify 5 drugs from the list that are PGF2α drugs and summarize their use as drugs:
A) alprostadil
B) misoprostol
C) dinoprostone
D) latanoprost
E) bimatroprost
F) tafluprost
G) travoprost
H) carboprost
I) epoprostenol
J) iloprost
K) treprostinil
D, E, F, G, H – latanoprost, bimatroprost, tafluprost, travoprost, and carboprost are all PGF2α drugs. Carboprost is used for its effects on the uterus.
The others are used in the eye to treat open angle glaucoma, and bimatroprost is additionally used to increase eyelash growth.
PGE2 used for cervical ripening in induced labor:
A) alprostadil
B) misoprostol
C) dinoprostone
D) latanoprost
E) bimatroprost
F) tafluprost
G) travoprost
H) carboprost
I) epoprostenol
J) iloprost
K) treprostinil
C – Dinoprostone can be administered intravaginally to help prepare the cervix in induced labor. Dinoprostone is chemically identical to native PGE2. The short half-life and local administration reduces the incidence of effects on other tissues, which would in this case be adverse effects. Nevertheless, high doses and prolonged exposure may lead to systemic effects such as vomiting, transient fever, nausea, etc.
PGE1 drug used to maintain patency of the ductus arteriosus:
A) alprostadil
B) misoprostol
C) dinoprostone
D) latanoprost
E) bimatroprost
F) tafluprost
G) travoprost
H) carboprost
I) epoprostenol
J) iloprost
K) treprostinil
A – Alprostadil is the drug name for PGE1. It is administered IV to neonates awaiting corrective heart surgery, in order to keep the ductus arteriosus open. It has to be administered IV due to the very short half-life.
Can be used to increase eyelash growth, but increased eyelash growth may also be an adverse effect when the drug is used to treat open angle glaucoma:
A) alprostadil
B) misoprostol
C) dinoprostone
D) latanoprost
E) bimatroprost
F) tafluprost
G) travoprost
H) carboprost
I) epoprostenol
J) iloprost
K) treprostinil
E – Bimatoprost increases eyelash growth, which can be a problem when the drug is used to treat open angle glaucoma, but can be the desired effect in patients with impaired hair growth (hypotrichosis).
T or F: Most prostaglandins and prostaglandin analogs are highly selective for specific tissues and receptors.
False – The lack of selectivity of prostaglandin-related drugs contributes to the adverse effects and also helps explain why a given drug may be used to target very diverse actions
A 35-year-old man presents to the emergency room complaining of an erection that has lasted for more than five hours accompanied by penile pain and tenderness. Which of the following drugs is most likely causing the patient’s symptoms?
A) Dinoprostone
B) Carboprost
C) Alprostadil
D) Epoprostenol
E) Misoprostol
F) Travoprost
C – Alprostadil is used to treat erectile dysfunction. Priapism and penile pain are possible adverse effects of alprostadil, when used for this indication.
A 35-year-old man presents to the emergency room complaining of an erection that has lasted for more than five hours accompanied by penile pain and tenderness. Which of the following routes of administration was probably used?
A) Oral
B) IV
C) Subcutaneous
D) Intraurethral
E) Transdermal
D – Alprostadil is administered by either the intraurethral or intracavernous (option not given) route for treatment of erectile dysfunction. Systemic administration would lead to many unwanted adverse effects by acting on other targets in the body; for erectile dysfunction, the intended target is penile arterial smooth muscle, and local administration is utilized.
T or F: Most synthetic prostaglandins (native structure) are effective after oral administration.
False - Prostaglandins have a very short biological half-life, making them generally unsuitable for oral administration. Some prostaglandin analogs have been created that have a longer biological half-life and in some situations are administered orally.
