Prosthetic Groups

Question 1

What is the Required dietary vitamin precursor for…

NADH & NADPH

Electron carriers (donor/ acceptor)

Answer 1

Niacin

Question 2

What is the Required dietary vitamin precursor for…

Positively charged metal ions
(i.e. Zn+2, Mn+2)

Answer 2

No precursor, but ions themselves must be part of diet

Helps with C-C bond breakage when carbanion has appropriate internal resonance (usually an adjacent C=O)

Question 3

What is the Required dietary vitamin precursor for…

Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP)

Answer 3

Thiamine
(i.e. Vitamin B1)

Helps with C-C bond breakage when no
internal resonance is available in carbanion

Question 4

What is the Required dietary vitamin precursor for..

FMN & FAD

Answer 4

Riboflavin
(i.e. Vitamin B2)

Enzyme-bound electron carriers (acts like prosthetic group)

Question 5

What is the Required dietary vitamin precursor for…

Coenzyme A

Answer 5

Pantothenic Acid
(i.e. Vitamin B5)

Makes thiol-based High energy Intermediates (HEIs)

Question 6

What is the Required dietary vitamin precursor for…

Lipoic acid

Answer 6

None (synthesized by animals)

Electron and acyl transfer in Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex (PDH) & similar KDH) reactions