Protein

Question 1

What is the function of protein?

Answer 1

1. Structural support
2. Transport of substances
3. Cell signalling
4. Movement
5. Coordination and regulation of activities
6. Acceleration of chemical reactions

Question 2

How do they provide structural support

Answer 2

Cytoskeleton, connective tissue

Question 3

How do they transport substances

Answer 3

lon channels (Na+, K+)

Question 4

How do they cell signal

Answer 4

Insulin, antibodies

Question 5

How do they allow movement

Answer 5

Between cells, protein channels

Question 6

How do they Coordinate & regulate activities

Answer 6

Via shape changes

Question 7

Accelerating chemical reactions

Answer 7

Enzymes

Question 8

Protein monomer?

Answer 8

Amino acid

Question 9

How many amino acids are there

Answer 9

There is 20 amino acids, 8 of which are essential because our bodies cannot make them so we have to consume them

Question 10

Side chain effect?

Answer 10

Differing side chains can cause the amino acid to be polar non polar acidic or basic

Question 11

What bonds are formed between amino acids?

Answer 11

Peptide bonds are created through dehydration synthesis

Question 12

What is the polymer of proteins called

Answer 12

Polypeptide

Question 13

Amino acid structure

Answer 13

Amino group + C + carboxyl group
+
Side chain

Question 14

Stages of protein formation

Answer 14

Primary stage
* sequence of amino acids
Secondary stage
* H bonding of peptide backbone
* beta sheet and alpha helix
Tertiary (3°) stage
• 3D structure due to side chain interactions
Quaternary (4°) stage
Various tertiary structures join together

Question 16

Protein denaturation

Answer 16

Alteration of protein shape (and therefore function) due to:
• Heat.
• pH change
• Salt
• Mechanical agitation (stirring)