Protein Flashcards
What is protein made up of?
LARGE POLYMERS BUILT UP OF LONG CHAINS OF AMINO ACIDS.
What are the functions of protein?
It is essential for life
It is the main building component of the body.
It forms the basic structure of each cell in the body - vital for cell formation.
Growth and repair.
Forms enzymes, hormones and antibodies
Source of nitrogen
Secondary source of energy - when fat and carbs intake is low
How many amino acids are require to make all the protein your body needs?
20
How many amino acids must be supplied through food?
9
What is meant by the Quality of Protein?
Nutritional value is determined by amino acid composition - the biological value.
What is meant by LBV (Low Biological Value)?
A protein missing one or more essential amino acid - incomplete.
What are LBV proteins?
Peas Beans Lentils Nuts Cereal Rice
What is meant by HBV (High Biological Value)?
Protein which contains ALL essential amino acids = complete.
What are HBV proteins?
Meat Fish Poultry Milk products Egg Soya
What is meant by COMPLEMENTARY PROTEINS?
Mixing proteins to ensure that all the essential amino acids are consumed.
HBV&LBV
LBV&LBV
Examples of complementary proteins
Beans on toast
Rice and peas
Rice and kidney beans (vegetarian chilli)
What’s the risk for vegetarians and how can they overcome this?
Vegetarians and vegans won’t be consuming HBV proteins as they’re animal based products.
To ensure they have all the essential amino acids they should mix proteins - complementary proteins.
This allows you to consume all the essential amino acids.
What are the advantages of complementary proteins?
Ensure the max intake of essential amino acids
Saves money
Provides a more varied diet
What is the RDI of protein?
40-55g per day
What is the deficiency of protein?
Unlikely to happen in the western world.
KWASHIORKOR disease - fatty liver, flaky skin, failure to grow.
Can happen due to poverty or crash diets.
