Protein Synthesis

Question 1

Function of RNA?

Answer 1

Transcribing and Translating the Genetic Code

Question 2

Function of DNA?

Answer 2

Stores genetic materials

Question 3

Structure of DNA?

Answer 3

Double Stranded Helix

Question 4

Structure of RNA?

Answer 4

Single Stranded

Question 5

What kind of sugar in DNA?

Answer 5

Sugar Deoxyribose

Question 6

What kind of sugar in RNA?

Answer 6

Sugar Ribose

Question 7

Code for DNA?

Answer 7

A,T,C,G

Question 8

Code for RNA?

Answer 8

A,U,C,G

Question 9

What does DNA mean?

Answer 9

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 10

What does RNA mean?

Answer 10

Ribonucleic acid

Question 11

What do you call the Adenine-Thymine pair?

Answer 11

Base

Question 12

Fragments of DNA that are produced during the proccess of DNA replication?

Answer 12

Okakiza

Question 13

Basic unit of hereditary?

Answer 13

Gene

Question 14

The step of DNA replication where DNA polymerase creates new strand of nucleotide specifically paired to another nucleotide?

Answer 14

Elogation

Question 15

What are proteins?

Answer 15

Composed of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds

Question 16

What are the three (3) types of RNA?

Answer 16

Messenger RNA (mRNA)
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
Transfer RNA (tRNA)

Question 17

Function of mRNA?

Answer 17

Transcribes the DNA nucleotide basis to RNA nucleotide bases

Question 18

What is the function of rRNA?

Answer 18

Binds the mRNA and tRNA to ensure that codons are translated correctly

Question 19

What is the function of tRNA?

Answer 19

Translates the mRNA codons into the correct amino acids

Question 20

What are the 2 types of protein synthesis?

Answer 20

Transcription
Translation

Question 21

What is the unzipping enzyme?

Answer 21

Helicase

Question 22

What is the initializer enzyme?

Answer 22

The primase

Question 23

What is the builder enzyme?

Answer 23

The DNA polymerase

Question 24

What is the gluer enzyme?

Answer 24

The Ligase

Question 25

What are the 3 major steps of DNA replication?

Answer 25

Initiator Elogation Termination

Question 26

What are the agents of mutation in the DNA sequence? (There's only one)

Answer 26

The mutagens

Question 27

2 classification of mutation?

Answer 27

Genetic and Chromosomal

Question 28

Small-scale mutation is?

Answer 28

Genetic

Question 29

Large-scale of mutation is?

Answer 29

Chromosomal

Question 30

Permanent change of nucleotide sequence of the genome of an organism, virus, extra chromosomal DNA, or other genetic element is?

Answer 30

Mutation

Question 31

What is Point Mutation?

Answer 31

The change of a single nitrogen base in a DNA sequence.

Question 32

What is the least harmful type of DNA mutation?

Answer 32

Point Mutation

Question 33

What are the three major types of point mutation that occur by substitution?

Answer 33

Silent mutation, Missense mutation, and Nonsense mutation

Question 34

Silent mutation is?

Answer 34

The types of change that do not alter the sequence of a protein

Question 35

Missense mutation is?

Answer 35

That results in the replacement of one nucleotide by another

Question 36

The change of nucleotide causes the replacement of a codon specifying an amino acid by stop codon. That results in the production of a truncated protein is?

Answer 36

The nonsense mutaion

Question 37

Much more serious and often deadly than point mutation. Even if a single nitrogen base is affected is?

Answer 37

The Frame-shift mutation

Question 38

2 types of Frame-shift mutation?

Answer 38

Insertion, and Deletion

Question 39

The process where RNA is made from the DNA by copying the base sequence of the double helix stranded DNA into a piece of a single stranded nucleic acid is?

Answer 39

Transcription

Question 40

The transcription of DNA to form RNA takes place in the?

Answer 40

Cell's nucleus

Question 41

During transcription, a strand of mRNA is made that correponds to?

Answer 41

A strand of DNA

Question 42

The genetic information of the DNA is used as the origin to form mRNA by the transcription process is called?

Answer 42

Translation

Question 43

Amino acids are grouped as?

Answer 43

Essential and non-essential amino acids

Question 44

Amino acids are those which?

Answer 44

The human body is capable of synthesizing

Question 45

Essential amino acids must be?

Answer 45

obtained from the diet (food)