Protein Synthesis/Mutation + Human genome Project Flashcards
What 4 things about genes does the human genome project want to find out
Order
Number
Position
Function
Why is the human genome project useful (3)
find out development of certain medical conditions
understand inherited disorders
trace human migration
What do three bases do
Three bases code for 1 amino acid
What is the first stage of protein synthesis using a messenger molecule
the messenger molecules copies the code of the gene
Importantly what is different about the messenger molecules copy of the gene code
it is complementary to the singular strand it wants to take
e.g is a T when there is A on the strand
Where does the messenger molecule move to once it has the correct complementary gene code
out the nucleus through cytoplasm to ribosomes
At the ribsome what new molecule allows for the protein to be synthesized correctly
The transfer molecule
What does the transfer molecule have at the top and what at the bottom
At the top there is an amino acid
At the bottom there is anti code
What is anti code and how can it be used
three bases which are complementary to certain other bases in messenger molecule so can be used to check correct amino acid
Once amino acid chain has been formed what happens to it
Folds into specific shape to enable protein to do its job
In cell division new what must be made
DNA
What happens to cause mutation
incorrect copying of DNA strands
What are the effects of a mutation on protein
No longer work - loss of shape
No strength - unsupported structure
