Proteins

Question 1

essential macronutrients

Answer 1

proteins

Question 2

Naturally-occurring

Answer 2

proteins

Question 3

unbranched polymer in which the

monomer units

Answer 3

amino acids

Question 4

Account for about _____ of a cell’s overall mass.

Answer 4

15%, most abundant

Question 5

Elemental composition of protein

Answer 5

Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen (N),

oxygen (O), and sulfur (S)

Question 6

Average nitrogen content is ____ by mass

Answer 6

15.4%

Question 7

act as catalyst in enzyme; iron (Fe), phosphorus (P), and other metals in
certain specialized proteins

Answer 7

metalloproteins

Question 8

metalloproteins

Answer 8

iron (Fe), phosphorus (P)

Question 9

THE BUILDING
BLOCKS
OF PROTEINS (monomers)

Answer 9

amino acids

Question 10

Amino acids in which the amino group

and the carboxyl group are attached to the

Answer 10

alpha-carbon

atom.

Question 11

Representation of Side chain

Answer 11

R

Question 12

Vary in size, shape, charge, acidity,
functional groups present, hydrogen-bonding ability,
and chemical reactivity. (identity)

Answer 12

Side chain (R)

Question 13

____naturally occurring amino acids are known.

Answer 13

700

Question 14

How many Standard Amino Acids

Answer 14

20

Question 15

1 amino group + 1 carboxylic acid

group + 1 nonpolar group

Answer 15

Nonpolar amino acids

Question 16

Not attracted to water molecules
• Found in the interior of proteins, where there is no
polarity

Answer 16

Hydrophobic

Question 17

how many non-polar acids

Answer 17

9

Question 18

what kind of amino acid is Hydrophilic

Answer 18

Polar amino acids

Question 19

1 amino group + 1 carboxylic acid group + 1

neutral polar group

Answer 19

Polar neutral

Question 20

do not carry charges

Answer 20

neutral

Question 21

The side chains of these amino acids exhibit

intermolecular forces of attraction

Answer 21

Polar neutral

Question 22

makes the amino acid

capable of interacting with polar solvents such as water

Answer 22

intermolecular forces of attraction

Question 23

In physiological conditions, the side chains of polar amino

acids are ________

Answer 23

uncharged

Question 24

normal physiological pH

Answer 24

2-7

Question 25

1 amino group + 1 carboxylic acid group + 1 acidic | group

Answer 25

Polar acidic

Question 26

Contains two acidic groups: carboxylic group, acidic side chain

Answer 26

Polar acidic

Question 27

In physiological conditions, the side chains of these amino acids are _______charged due to the loss of the _______ atom.

Answer 27

negatively; acidic | hydrogen

Question 28

two polar acidic amino acid

Answer 28

aspartic acid (aspartate) and glutamic acid (glutamate)

Question 29

1 amino group + 1 carboxylic acid group + 1 basic | group

Answer 29

Polar basic

Question 30

In physiological conditions, the side chains of these amino acids are positively charged due to the nitrogen atom gaining an acidic hydrogen

Answer 30

Polar basic

Question 31

gaining an acidic | hydrogen

Answer 31

protonated

Question 32

In physiological conditions, the side chains of these amino acids are positively charged due to the ______ gaining an acidic hydrogen

Answer 32

nitrogen atom

Question 33

exempted in 3 letter symbols

Answer 33

Isoleucine (Ile), tryptophan (Trp), | asparagine (Asn), and glutamine (Gln)