Proteins

Question 1

the single unit of a protein

Answer 1

amino acid

Question 2

amino acid aka

Answer 2

residue

Question 3

four components of an amino acid

Answer 3

• amino group
• carboxylic acid
• hydrogen atom
• variable R group / side chain

Question 4

amphiprotic definition

Answer 4

containing both acidic and basic functional groups

Question 5

essential

Answer 5

body cannot synthesize them

Question 6

how many essential proteins are there?

Answer 6

8

Question 7

what are the 4 classifications of amino acids?

Answer 7

nonpolar
polar
acidic
basic

Question 8

acidic amino acids have

Answer 8

carboxylic acid , negative charge

Question 9

basic amino acids have

Answer 9

amino, positive change

Question 10

how to form a polypeptide

Answer 10

condensation reaction to join 2 amino acids

Question 11

what does forming a polypeptide require?

Answer 11

carboxyl groups
amine

Question 12

peptide

Answer 12

links between amino acids

Question 13

what is the growth order for a polypeptide

Answer 13

N to C terminus

Question 14

conformation

Answer 14

shape of a protein

Question 15

what are the levels of a protein structure?

Answer 15

primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary

Question 16

primary structure

Answer 16

unique sequence of amino acids

Question 17

how is the primary structure determined

Answer 17

by DNA

Question 18

secondary structure results from…

Answer 18

hydrogen bonds are regular intervals along the polypeptide backbone

Question 19

what are the typical shares of the secondary structure?

Answer 19

alpha helix
beta pleats

Question 20

who discovered the alpha helical structure of protein and when?

Answer 20

• linus pauling
• 1961

Question 21

tertiary structure describe

Answer 21

interactions between R groups

Question 22

what happens between polar bonds /charged amino acids at the tertiary structure

Answer 22

hydrogen bonds
dipole-dipole
ion-dipole

Question 23

what happens between non polar amino acids in the tertiary structure

Answer 23

hydrophic interactions

Question 24

disulfide bridge

Answer 24

formed between the sulfhydryl groups of cysteine amino acids

Question 25

proline kink

Answer 25

only amino acid where the R group is attached to the amino group creating a kinked shaped

Question 26

all proteins have tertiary structure

Question 27

quaternary structure

Answer 27

proteins will have a fourth level of structure that involves interactions between two or more polypeptide chains

Question 28

types of quaternary structure

Answer 28

- fibrous - globular

Question 29

fibrous quarternary structure properties

Answer 29

water insoluble, threadlike

Question 30

globular quarternary structure

Answer 30

water soluble, compact spherical

Question 31

conformational change

Answer 31

change in the shape of a protein, can be reversible, doesn't disrupt function but rather defines the function

Question 32

example of a conformational change

Answer 32

carrier protein

Question 33

denaturation

Answer 33

change in the shape of the protein that disrupts protein function

Question 34

renaturation

Answer 34

some proteins can return to their functional shape after denaturation

Question 35

Test that looks for starch

Answer 35

iodine

Question 36

test that looks for a reducing sugar

Answer 36

benedict's

Question 37

test that looks for protein

Answer 37

Biuret

Question 38

test that looks for lipid

Answer 38

Sudan 4

Question 39

positive test colour for iodine

Answer 39

black

Question 40

positive test colour for benedict's

Answer 40

orange

Question 41

positive test colour for bioret

Answer 41

purple

Question 42

positive test colour for sudan 4

Answer 42

red