proteins

Question 1

what are the levels of protein structure

Answer 1

primary
secondary
tertiary
quaternary

Question 2

what is the primary structure of a protein

Answer 2

a sequence of amino acids bonded by peptide bonds which forms a polypeptide chain.

Question 3

explain the process of protein metabolism

Answer 3

• the protein is broken down by pepsin in the stomach and small intestine
• it travels through the hepatic portal vein to the liver
• it is transported to the liver and muscle cells where it is stored
• used to repair and build body tissues

Question 4

what codes for the primary structure

Answer 4

the order of DNA bases in genes

Question 5

what is the secondary structure of proteins

Answer 5

a single polypeptide chain that has different types of folding due to the addition of hydrogen bonds

Question 6

what causes hydrogen bonds to form in secondary structure proteins

Answer 6

when weak negatively charged nitrogen and oxygen atoms interact with weak positively charged hydrogen atoms

Question 7

what are the 2 types of folding in the secondary structure

Answer 7

α-helix
β-pleated sheet

Question 8

when does an α-helix occur

Answer 8

when the hydrogen bonds appear every 4th peptide bond

Question 9

when does a β-pleated sheet occur

Answer 9

when the protein folds so that2 parts of the polypeptide chain are parallel to each other which enables hydrogen bonds to form between them

Question 10

what type of protein most commonly has the secondary structure

Answer 10

fibrous proteins

Question 11

what is the tertiary structure of a protein

Answer 11

further specific folds due to specific bonds between the R group which gives the protein a 3d shape.

Question 12

what are the types of bonds in the tertiary structure

Answer 12

hydrogen
disulphide bridges
ionic interactions between charged R groups
weak hydrophobic interactions