Proteins Flashcards
(23 cards)
what are globular proteins?
they are spherical proteins and are one of the most common protein types.
what is one type of globular protein?
inulin
what are functions of inulin?
regulates metabolism, causes fats to be stored and inhibits the production of glucose by the liver
what are conjugated proteins?
globular proteins that contain a prosthetic group
what are two types of conjugated protein?
haemoglobin and catalase
what are fibrous proteins?
long filament protein molecules
what are three types of fibrous proteins?
keratin, elastin and collagen
what are simple proteins?
proteins without a prosthetic group
what is lipoprotein?
when lipids combine with proteins
what are glycoproteins?
when carbohydrates combine with proteins
what 2 things make up the prosthetic group called cofactors?
metal ions and vitamins
what do haem groups contain?
iron ions
which two types of protein are soluble in water?
globular and conjugated
which protein type is insoluble in water
fibrous
what are the three main groups in the structure of an amino acid?
amino group, carboxylic group and ‘r’ group
which group defines the amino acid?
the r-group
which reaction bonds the amino acids together and what is this bond called?
a condensation reaction joins them together to form peptide bonds.
what is the process called as the amino acids join together?
polymerisation
what is the long chain of amino acids called?
a polypeptide chain
what are the two types of secondary models?
alpha helix and beta pleated sheet
what charges does the -C=H group and -NH group have?
-C=O group has a negative charge and -NH group has a positive charge
what three bonds are found in a tertiary structure?
disulphide bonds, hydrogen bonds (very numerous) and ionic bonds (formed between any carboxyl and amino groups which are not involved in forming peptide bonds)
put the three bonds found in a tertiary structure in order of strength (strongest first)
1) disulphide bonds 2) ionic bonds 3) hydrogen bonds
