Proteins Flashcards
(18 cards)
Define protein
Polymer built up from long chains of amino acids
Define amino acid
Monomers that make up proteins
Draw an amino acid
See notes
How is a dipeptide formed?
When 2 amino acids join together through a condensation reaction
How is a polypeptide formed?
When more than 2 amino acids join together through a condensation reaction
What is a peptide bond?
The bond between amino aids in all proteins
What are the 4 types of protein?
- Enzymes
- Antibodies
- Transport
- Structural
Why is the structure of a protein important?
Essential to its function and properties
What is the primary structure of a protein?
Sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain
What are the bonds formed in the primary structure of a protein?
Peptide bonds
What is the secondary structure of a protein?
Long chains of amino acids folded into regions with repeating patterns: alpha helix/beta pleated sheet
What are the bonds in the secondary structure of a protein?
- Peptide bonds
- Hydrogen bonds
What is the tertiary structure of a protein? 2
- The final 3D resting shape of a protein
- The coiled/folded chain of amino acids is coiled/folded further
What are the bonds in the tertiary structure of a protein? 5
- Peptide bonds
- Hydrogen bonds
- Dilsulphide bridges
- Ionic bonds
- Hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions
What is the quaternary structure of a protein?
Proteins made from more than 1 polypeptide chain to form its final 3D resting shape
What bonds are not broken when proteins denature? 2
- Peptide bonds
- Disulphide bridges
Describe a globular protein 4
- Round, compact
- Multiple polypetide chains coiled up
- Hydrophohic parts of chains face inwards and hydrophilic parts face outwards
- Soluble are easily transported in liquids
Describe a fibrous protein e.g collagen 5
- Rope shape
- Multiple polypeptide chains coiled up
- Held together by disulphide bridges and hydrogen bonds
- Very strong so found in supportive tissue
- Insoluble
