Proteins: Final Exam

Question 1

________ is the gray area between Nutrition and Drugs

Answer 1

Pancea

Question 2

_________ products provide us with most protein

Answer 2

Grain

Question 3

3 guidelines for quality of protein

Answer 3

1. Digestability of the protein
2. Types of amino acids available
3. Proportion of Amino Acids in the protein

Question 4

If Nitrogen in and Nitrogen out is the same

Answer 4

0 Nitrogen Balance
Adult Maintaining weight

Question 5

Nitrogen Balance in Positive

Answer 5

Gaining body weight or repairing body tissue during adolesence
Pregnancy
Repair
***** Athletic training may result in additional body mass

Question 6

Nitrogen Balance in negative

Answer 6

Losing Body weight
Dieting
Burn
Bedrest / Weightlessness

Question 7

DRI value for protein

Answer 7

10-35%

Question 8

RDA protein for adult

Answer 8

0.8g / Body weight (Kg) / day

Question 9

General trend in protein intake in North America

Answer 9

We consume 2 x more protein than required

Question 10

Protein requirements for non athlete

Answer 10

0.8

Question 11

Protein requirements for Endurance athlete

Answer 11

1.2 - 1.4

Question 12

Protein requirements for Power Athlete

Answer 12

1.2 - 1.7

Question 13

1Lb to kg

Answer 13

2.2kg

Question 14

Calcium loss in Urine increases _________

Answer 14

Osteoperosis

Question 15

Increase in Significant in Animal protein intake increases chances of __________

Answer 15

TMAO

Question 16

TMAO

Answer 16

Trimethyl Amine Oxide
Increases Cancer
Increases CHD

Question 17

2 Criteria for Good protein

Answer 17

1. Digestability
2. Containing all the essential Amino Acids in proportion to what is required by the human body

Question 18

What protein is more digested. Animal or Plant based?

Answer 18

Animal

Question 19

Methionine and Cystine is rich in

Answer 19

Animal protein

Question 20

Non animal based protein lack which amino acids

Answer 20

Methionine and Cysteine

Question 21

Why do we need protein: Main categories

Answer 21

1. Regulating Body processes
2. Growth and Repair to tissues
3. Immune Defence
4. Transpportation
5. Energy

Question 22

1. Regulating Body Processes

Answer 22

Sex Hormones: Insulin; Glucagon
Enzymes: Lipase, Amylase, Trypsin, Neurotransmitter: Seratonin

Question 23

2.Growth and Repair of tissues

Answer 23

Muscle protein: Actin/myosin
Breakdown and Replacement of Organs

Question 24

Antibodies are pure ___________

Answer 24

Protein

Question 25

How much protein do we need Kcal/g

Answer 25

4

Question 26

Steps of Protein Digestion

Answer 26

1. Eat Protein 2. Enters mouth (Nothing happens) 3. HCL denatures proteins 4. Protein begins to be digested atnby stomach by pepsin into peptides 5. Pancreas releases Trypsinogen, Chymotrypsinogen 6. Enterokinase is released from Intestinal cells 7. Enterokinase activated trypsinogen to cleave trypsin 8. Trypsin activates Chymotrypsinogen 9. Chymotrypsinogen celaves Chymotrypsin

Question 27

Protein digestion begins in the ___________

Answer 27

Stomach

Question 28

Intestinal cells produce

Answer 28

Enterokinase

Question 29

Enterokinase activates __________

Answer 29

Trypsinogen

Question 30

___________ activates chymotrypsinogen

Answer 30

Trypsin

Question 31

4 scenarios of Amino Acid Metabolism

Answer 31

1. Synthesis of Amino Acids - Required Body Proteins 2. Convert AA - Glucose if needed (Low card diet) 3. AA can be used directly by liver for energy (4kcal/g) 4. Convert AA to fat then to VLDL for storage

Question 32

Carbon skeleton is converted to ____________

Answer 32

Glucose

Question 33

how many proteins are essential

Answer 33

9