PROTOZOA

Question 1

2 diagnostic life cycle stages commonly seen in the parasites

Answer 1

1. CYST
2. TROPHOZOITES

Question 2

what stage is analyzed directly on a slide WITHOUT CONCENTRATION

Answer 2

TROPHOZOITE

Question 3

life cycle stage that REQUIRES CONCENTRATION

Answer 3

CYST

“kailangan mag CONCENTRATE ni CYST (SIS)” 🎀

Question 4

MOTILE STAGE, vegetative, very sensitive, less resistant, easily destroyed

Answer 4

TROPHOZOITE

Question 5

life cycle stage FOUND IN FLUID OR WATER STOOL SAMPLE

Answer 5

TROPHOZOITE

Question 6

NON-MOTILE STAGE, RESISTANT STAGE (has 2 layers), INFECTIVE STAGE, found in FORMED STOOL SAMPLE

Answer 6

CYST

Question 7

TROPHOZOITE to CYST; happens in the LARGE intestine

Answer 7

ENCYSTATION

Question 8

CYST to TROPHOZOITE; happens in the SMALL intestine

Answer 8

EXCYSTATION

Question 9

MOST INVASIVE of the genus Entamoeba; humans are the only host

Answer 9

Entamoeba histolytica

Question 10

INFECTIVE STAGE of E. histolytica

Answer 10

QUADRINUCLEATED CYST

Question 11

DIAGNOSTIC STAGE of E. histolytica

Answer 11

1. CYST
2. TROPHOZOITE

Question 12

BEST way to differentiate E. histolytica among others

Answer 12

PCR

Question 13

TROPH: move by means of CLEAR/HYALINE PSEUDOPODIA that are fingerlike; MOTILITY is PROGRESSIVE & UNIDIRECTIONAL, with INGESTED RBCs and bacteria

Answer 13

Entamoeba histolytica

Question 14

when using the TRICHROME STAIN, what color do the nuclei, chromidial bars, chromatin, red cells, and bacteria stain? (E. histolytica)

Answer 14

RED

Question 15

TRICHROME STAIN: color of E. histolytica CYTOPLASM

Answer 15

BLUE GREEN

Question 16

TRICHROME STAIN: color of BACKGROUND nad YEASTS (under E. histolytica)

Answer 16

GREEN

Question 17

under E. histolytica:

IRON HEMATOXYLIN: color of NUCLEAR CHROMATIN and KARYOSOME

Answer 17

BLACK

Question 18

CYST: contain 1-4 NUCLEI with diffuse glycogen; chromatoid bodies appear ELONGATED BARS with BLUNTLY ROUNDED ENDS or SAUSAGE-SHAPED

Answer 18

E. histolytica

Question 19

PRINCIPAL virulence factor of E. histolytica

Answer 19

Gal/GalNac

Question 20

CLINICAL MANIFESTATION OF E. histolytica:

INTESTINAL: characterized by nondescript abdominal symptoms or more specific symptoms (diarrhea, abdominal pain and cramping, chronic weight loss, anorexia, chronic fatigue, and flatulence

Answer 20

AMOEBIC COLITIS

Question 21

BROAD BASE with a NARROW NECK; pathognomonic sign of E. histolytica manifestation

Answer 21

FLASK-SHAPED ULCER

Question 22

a DIFFUSE PSEUDOTUMOR-LIKE MASS of granulomatous tissue found in the rectosigmoid region that presents as a palpable abdominal mass

Answer 22

AMOEBOMA

Question 23

CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF E. histolytica:

EXTRAINTESTINAL: presents with tender hepatomegaly, fever with weight loss, sweating and weakness, rarely, jaundice and cough

Answer 23

AMEBIC LIVER ABSCESS

Question 24

CHARACTERISTIC FINDING in Amebic Liver Abscess due to E. histolytica

Answer 24

ANCHOVY SAUCE PUS

Question 25

**BEST** for diagnosis of ***E. histolytica* TROPH**

Answer 25

QUENSEL'S IODINE

Question 26

culture media for *E. histolytica* detection

Answer 26

1. NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH (NIH) MEDIA 2. BOECK & DRBOHLAV'S EGG SERUM MEDIUM

Question 27

TROPH: 1. cytoplasm is granular with many vacuoles and with ingested bacteria and other food particles (**"DIRTY CYTOPLASM**); 2. DOES **NOT** ingest RBC 3. pseudopodia are **SHORT & BLUNT** 4. MOVEMENT is **SLUGGISH** 5. karyosome is **LARGE, IRREGULAR, and *ECCENTRIC***

Answer 27

*Entamoeba coli*

Question 28

CYST: contain **1-8 NUCLEI** with irregular preipheral chromatin; chromatoid bodies appear as **SPLINTER-LIKE WITH POINTED ENDS ("WITCH'S BROOMSTICK)**

Answer 28

*Entamoeba coli*

Question 29

intestinal parasite of **PIGS & MONKEYS**

Answer 29

*Entamoeba polecki*

Question 30

"**KISSING AMOEBA**"

Answer 30

*Entamoeba gingivalis*

Question 31

TROPH: exhibits sluggish and nonprogressive motility with **1 nucleus** and a large karyosome which may be **SURROUNDED BY *REFRACTILE ACHROMATIC GRANULES*** that are difficult to see and **USUALLY HAS NO PERIPHERAL CHROMATIN (BASKET NUCLEUS/BOUQUET OF FLOWERS)**

Answer 31

*Iodamoeba butschlii*

Question 32

CYST: 9-15 um in diameter with one eccentric nucleus and characteristic **LARGE GLYCOGEN BODY that stains BLACK with IODINE**; CHROMATOID BODIES ARE **ABSENT!**

Answer 32

*Iodamoeba butschlii*

Question 33

smallest amoeba

Answer 33

*Endolimax nana*

Question 34

CYST: may be ovoid or spherical, **4 nuclei** with large karyosomes and little or no peripheral chromatin and **NO ACHROMATIC GRANULES**; ***CROSS-EYED CYST***

Answer 34

*Endolimax nana* | ang X murag cross-eyed