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CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY - PARASITOLOGY (TopnotcherQT) > PROTOZOANS (Gen. Char. & Amoeba) > Flashcards

PROTOZOANS (Gen. Char. & Amoeba) Flashcards

memorization (52 cards)

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1
Q

General characteristics of protozoans:

A
  • Eukaryote
  • Unicellular with Ectoplasm and Endoplasm
  • Motile
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2
Q

Thread-like, long whip-like structure arising from the surface of the cell

A

Flagella

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3
Q

SHorter, needle-like/hair-like structures; found all throughout the cell

A

Cilia

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4
Q

False-feet; temporary cytoplasmic extensions

A

Pseudopods/ pseudopodia

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5
Q

Flexible sheet material that joins the flagella to the surface of the cell

A

Undulating membrane

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6
Q

Consist of polar rings, subpellicular tubules, conoid, rhoptries and micronemes; for penetration and invasion of the target cell:

A

Apical complex

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7
Q

Cyst-to-trophozoite =

A

Excystation

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8
Q

Trophozoite-to-cyst =

A

Encystation

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9
Q

Active but not resistant

A. Trophozoite
B. Cyst

A

A. Trophozoite

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10
Q

Non-vegetative and non-reproductive

A. Trophozoite
B. Cyst

A

B. Cyst

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11
Q

Which is motile?

A. Trophozoite
B. Cyst

A

A. Trophozite

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12
Q

The only pathogenic intestinal amoeba:

A

Entamoeba histolytica

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13
Q

“Small race Entamoeba histolytica”

A

Entamoeba hartmanni

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14
Q

“Largest Entamoeba”

A

Entamoeba coli

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15
Q

Entamoeba that is found inside the oral cavity

A

Entamoeba gingivalis

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16
Q

“Smallest intestinal protozoa”
“Dwarf intestinal slug”

A

Endolimax nana

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17
Q

Nucleus:
PC: Fine, uniform, beaded appearance
K: Small, central, “Bull’s eye appearance”

Cytoplasm:
Finely granular, ground glass appearance (clean looking)
RBCs ingested

A

Entamoeba histolytica/dispar

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18
Q

Nucleus:
PC: Fine, uniform, beaded appearance
K: Small, Eccentric

Cytoplasm:
No RBC ingested

A

Entamoeba hartmanni

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19
Q

Nucleus:
PC: Unevenly distributed PC; Dark, solid ring
K: Large, Eccentric

Cytoplasm:
Coarsely granular vacuolated (Dirty looking)

A

Entamoeba coli

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20
Q

Nucleus:
PC: Closely packed, finely granular
K: small, well-defined, central

Cytoplasm:
Finely granular vacuolated
Ingested Epithelial cells, WBCs

A

Entamoeba gingivalis

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21
Q

Nucleus:
PC: None
K: Large, irregular, blot-like, central

Cytoplasm:
granular, vacuolated

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A

Endolimax nana

22
Q

Nucleus:
PC: None
K: Large, central, surrounded by refractile achromatic granules (Achromatic granules surround the karyosome)

Cytoplasm:
Coarsely granular, heavily vacuolated

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A

Iodamoeba butschlii

23
Q

Amoeba species that has no cyst stage:

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A

Entamoeba gingivalis

24
Q

1-8 nucleus
PC: Coarse granular, irregular
K: Large, Eccentric

Cytoplasm:
CB: With pointed ends (Splinter-like, broomstick, jagged ends)

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A

Entamoeba coli

25
1-4 nucleus Cytoplasm: CB: Elongated bar with blunt rounded ends (bar-like, rice grain)
Entamoeba hartmanni
26
1-4 nucleus PC: Fine, uniform K: Small, central Cytoplasm: CB: Elongated bars with blunt rounded ends (Cigar-shaped, sausage-shaped, rod-like)
Entamoeba histolytica/Entamoeba dispar
27
1-4 nucleus (cross-eyed cyst, "button hole") PC: None K: Large, blot-like, central Cytoplasm: CB: None Granules or small oval masses
Endolimax nana
28
1 nucleus "basket-shaped", "basket of flowers" PC: None K: large, eccentric, with refractile achromatic granules (periendosome) Cytoplasm; Glycogen: Compact, well-defined (Dark brown in Iodine prep) Large glycogen vacuole
Iodamoeba butschlii
29
Swine amoeba, cyst is uninucleated, in pigs and monkeys:
Entamoeba polecki
30
Amoebas that are uninucleated:
1. Iodamoeba butschlii 2. Entamoeba polecki
31
Entamoeba histolytica Infective stage: Diagnostic stage:
Entamoeba histolytica Infective stage: Cyst Diagnostic stage: - Stool (watery) = Trophozoite - Stool (formed) = Cyst - Extraintestinal = Trophozoite
32
Ulcer shape of Entamoeba histolytica amoebic dysenteric colitis:
Flask-shaped ulcer
33
E. histolytica extraintestinal infection Hepatic amoebiasis abscess:
Anchovy sauce abscess
34
E. histolytica extraintestinal infection Pulmonary amoebiasis abscess:
Anchovy sauce-like sputum
35
Gold standard for the diagnosis of E. histolytica amoebiasis:
Concentration technique
36
Stains for identification of E. histolytica:
- Lugol's iodine (Cyst) - Quensel's methylene blue (Trophozoite)
37
Naegleria fowleri Infective stage; Diagnostic stage:
Naegleri fowleri Infective stage: Trophozite Diagnostic stage: Trophozoite
38
POE and MOT of Naegleri fowleri:
POE: Nasal mucous membrane MOT: Swimming through brackish or fresh water
39
Disease caused by N. fowleri:
Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM)
40
Stain used for N. fowleri:
Acridine orange
41
Culture media used for N. fowleri:
Bacteria-seeded agar (BSA) (Gram-negative bacilli)
42
Characteristic effect observed in BSA for the diagnosis of N. fowleri:
TRAILING EFFECT
43
Non-pathogenic Naegleria:
Naegleria gruberi
44
Difference of N. gruberi to N. fowleri
Culture in BSA: N.fowleri = (-) growth inhibited by 0.2% NaCl & KCl N. gruberi = (+) growth even with NaCL & KCl Lyophilization for 6 months: N. fowleri = Non-viable N. gruberi = Viable
45
Acanthamoeba species Infective stage: Diagnostic stage:
Acanthamoeba species Infective stage: Trophozoite Diagnostic stage: Trophozoite & Cyst
46
Sucker-like structure for phagocytosis present in N. fowleri:
Amoebastomes
47
POE & MOT of Acanthamoeba species:
POE: Eyes MOT: - through traumatic contact - contaminated contact lens solution - Swimming in stagnant water
48
Motility of Acanthamoeba species:
Sluggish, polydirectional movement
49
Diseases caused by Acanthamoeba species:
Immunocompromised patients: - Granulomatous amoebic encephalitis (GAE) Immunocompetent patients: - Corneal ulcer/keratitis
50
Diagnosis for Acanthamoeba species infection:
Culture: - Protease-peptone extract, Yeast, Glucose, Cysteine (PYGC) - Bacteria-seeded agar (BSA); Escherichia coli - Corneal scrapings stained with calcofluor white - Indirect immunofluorescent Antibody - TECHNIQUE OF CHOICE
51
Was formerly classified as yeast; now a protozoan
Blastocystis hominis
52
Culture media for B. hominis:
Boeck/Drbohlav's, Nelson & Jones (Optimal growth: at 37C in the presence of bacteria)

CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY - PARASITOLOGY (TopnotcherQT) (16 decks)

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