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PSM I Flashcards

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1
Q

Burn-down chart

A

a chart which shows the amount of work which is thought to remain in a backlog

Time is shown on the horizontal axis and work remaining on the vertical axis. As time progresses and items are drawn from the backlog and completed, a plot line showing work remaining may be expected to fall. The amount of work may be assessed in any of several ways such as user story points or task hours. Work remaining in Sprint Backlogs and Product Backlogs may be communicated by means of a burn-down chart. See also: Burnup Chart

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2
Q

Burn-up Chart

A

A chart which shows the amount of work which has been completed. Time is shown on the horizontal axis and work completed on the vertical axis.

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3
Q

Coherent/Coherence

A

The quality of the relationship between certain product backlog items which may make them worthy of consideration as a whole.

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4
Q

Daily Scrum

A

Scrum event that is a 15-minute time-boxed event held each day for the Developers. The Daily Scrum is held every day of the Sprint. At it, the Developers plan work for the next 24 hours. This optimizes team collaboration and performance by inspecting the work since the last Daily Scrum and forecasting upcoming Sprint work. The Daily Scrum is held at the same time and place each day to reduce complexity.

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5
Q

Definition of Done

A

is a formal description of the state of the Increment when it meets the quality measures required for the product.

The moment a Product Backlog item meets the Definition of Done, an Increment is born.

The Definition of Done creates transparency by providing everyone a shared understanding of what work was completed as part of the Increment. If a Product Backlog item does not meet the Definition of Done, it cannot be released or even presented at the Sprint Review.

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6
Q

Developer

A

any member of a Scrum Team, that is committed to creating any aspect of a usable Increment each Sprint regardless of technical, functional, or other specialty.

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7
Q

Empiricism

A

the philosophy that all knowledge originates in experience and observations. It’s a cornerstone of the scientific method and underlies much of modern science and medicine. In the context of Scrum, empiricism refers to the idea that solving complex problems, or doing complex work, can only be done using an exploratory process rather than relying on predetermined plans.

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8
Q

Engineering standards

A

a shared set of development and technology standards that Developers apply to create releasable Increments of software.

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9
Q

Increment

A

Scrum Artifact that defines the complete and valuable work produced by the Developers during a Sprint. The sum of ALL INCREMENTS FORM A PRODUCT.

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10
Q

Product Backlog

A

A Scrum Artifact that consists of an ordered list of the work to be done in order to create, maintain and sustain a product.

Managed by Product Owner

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11
Q

Product Backlog Refinement

A

Activity in a Sprint through which the Product Owner and the developers add granularity to the Product Backlog.

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12
Q

Product Owner

A

Role in Scrum accountable for maximizing the value of a product, primarily by incrementally managing and expressing business and functional expectations for a product to the Developers.

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13
Q

Product Goal

A

The Product Goal describes a future state of the product which can serve as a target for the Scrum Team to plan against. The Product Goal is in the Product Backlog. The rest of the Product Backlog emerges to define “what” will fulfill the Product Goal.

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14
Q

Which two things are appropriate for a scrum master to do if the scrum team doesn’t have the tools and environment to completely finish each selected product backlog item?

A
  1. Coach the Development Team to improve its skills, tools, and infrastructure over time and adjust the Definition of Done accordingly.
  2. The team must create a realistic Definition of Done under current circumstances.
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15
Q

How much of the Sprint backlog must be defined during the Sprint Planning event?

A

Enough so the Development Team can create its best forecast of what is can do, and to start the first several days of the Sprint.

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16
Q

How is management that is external to the Scrum Team involved in the Daily Scrum?

A

Managers are not required at the Daily Scrum.

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17
Q

When Developers are having trouble delivering an increment because they do not understand a functional requirement, what should they do?

A

Collaborate with the Product Owner to determine what is possible and acceptable.

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18
Q

The developers ask their PO to re-order the Product Backlog. The team is waiting for an external supplier to deliver a component. Without that component, there will not be enough work in the next Sprint to occupy the full team. As the Scrum Master, what advice would you give the PO?

A

Remind the Product Owner that his primary concern is the flow of value reflected in the ordering of the Product Backlog.

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19
Q

A developer takes the Scrum Master aside to express his concerns about data security issues. What should the Scrum Master do?

A

Ask the Developer to share the concern with the team as soon as possible.

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20
Q

Why is the Daily Scrum held at the same time and same place?

A

The consistency reduces complexity.

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21
Q

What is the typical size for a Scrum Team?

A

10 or fewer.

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22
Q

What is the function or purpose of Management in Scrum?

A

Support the Product Owner with insights and information into high value product and system capabilities. Support the Scrum Master to encourage organizational change that fosters empiricism, self-management, bottom-up intelligence, and intelligent product delivery.

Management has no official role or accountability on a Scrum Team. However, management external to the Scrum Team is relevant in setting the vision and strategy to guide the overall direction of the organization.

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23
Q

Who has the final say on the order of the Product Backlog?

A

The Product Owner.

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24
Q

Which statement best describes the Sprint Review?

A

It is when the Scrum Team and stakeholders inspect the outcome of a Sprint and figure out what to do next.

Every event in Scrum, besides the Sprint, which is a container for the other events, is an opportunity to Inspect and Adapt.

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25
The length of a Sprint should be:
1. Short enough to keep the business risk acceptable to the Product Owner. 2. Short enough to be able to synchronize the development work with other business events. 3. One month or less **Usually a "All of the Above** answer.
26
The timebox for the Sprint Planning event is?
8 hours for a monthly Sprint. For shorter Sprints it is usually shorter.
27
The CEO asks the Developers to add a "very important" item to a Sprint that is in progress. What should the Developers do?
Discuss the item with the other members of the Scrum Team so the team can decide what to do.
28
The Product Backlog is ordered by:
Whatever is deemed most appropriate by the Product Owner.
29
Who is on the Scrum Team?
Developers, Scrum Master, PO
30
True or False: The Scrum Team must choose at least one high priority process improvement item, identified during the Sprint Retrospective, and place it in the Sprint Backlog.
False An earlier version of the Scrum Guide prescribed the practice of placing one improvement in the Sprint Backlog. This was removed in the 2020 update to the Scrum Guide because it was felt to be too prescriptive. However, if this practice provides value to you then you should adopt it. It is simply not prescribed anymore, but can still be valuable.
31
True or False: Scrum has a role called "project manager."
False
32
What are two ways a Scrum Master serves to enable effective Scrum Teams?
1. By facilitating Developer decision-making. 2. By removing impediments that hinder the Scrum Team.
33
Who creates the Definition of Done?
If it is not an organizational standard, the Scrum Team must create a Definition of Done appropriate for the product.
34
True or False: The purpose of a Sprint is to produce a valuable and useful Increment of a usuable product.
True The heart of Scrum is a Sprint, a timebox of one month or less during which a done, useful, and valuable working product Increment is created.
35
Which statement best describes a Product Owner's responsibility?
Maximizing the value of the work the Scrum Team does.
36
The timebox for the Sprint Review is:
4 hours for a monthly Sprint. For shorter Sprints it is usually shorter.
37
What is the main reason for the Scrum Master to be at the Daily Scrum?
They do not have to be there; they only need to ensure the Developers have a Daily Scrum.
38
Which of the following services is appropriate for a Scrum Master in regard to the Daily Scrum?
Teach the Developers to keep the Daily Scrum within the 15 minute timebox.
39
When does a Developer become the sole owner of an item on the Sprint Backlog?
Never. All Sprint Backlog items are "owned" by the Developers on the Scrum Team.
40
The Developers should not be interrupted during the Sprint and the Sprint Goal should remain intact. These are conditions that foster creativity, quality and productivity. (Which one the following answers is FALSE?) A] As a decomposition of the selected Product Backlog items, the Sprint Backlog changes and may grow as the work emerges. B] The Developers may work with the Product Owner to add or remove work if they find themselves with more or less capacity than expected. C] The Product Owner can help clarify or optimize the Sprint when asked by the Developers. D] The Sprint Backlog is fully formulated in the Sprint Planning event and does not change during the Sprint.
D] The Sprint Backlog is fully formulated in the Sprint Planning event and does not change during the Sprint.
41
What does it mean to say that an event has a timebox?
The event can take no more than a maximum amount of time.
42
The Developers should have all the skills needed to:
Turn the Product Backlog items they select into an Increment of a useful and valuable product.
43
When many Scrum Teams are working on a single product, what best describes the Definition of Done?
All Scrum Teams must have a Definition of Done that makes their combined Increment valuable and useful.
44
When should a Developer on a Scrum Team be replaced?
As needed, while taking into account a short-term reduction in productivity.
45
A Scrum Team consists of the following:
The Scrum Team consists of one Scrum Master, one Product Owner, and Developers.
46
Which Scrum events are timeboxed?
The Scrum Guide states that the Sprint Planning, Sprint Retrospectives, and Sprint Reviews are timeboxed events. Sprints are fixed length events of one month or less to create consistency, and the Daily Scrum is a 15-minute event.
47
Who is responsible for managing the progress of work during a Sprint?
The Developers
48
When might a Sprint be cancelled?
When the Sprint Goal becomes obsolete.
49
What should the Scrum Team do during the first Sprint?
Develop a plan for the rest of the release. The heart of Scrum is a Sprint, which is one month or less during which a done, usable, valuable product Increment is created. This applies to every Sprint.
50
Velocity
The measure of how many story points the team can handle in a single sprint. Velocity is the key metric in Scrum.
51
What is the Sprint Backlog?
The Product Backlog items selected for this Sprint plus the plan for delivering them.
52
What does Product Backlog management include? Select three most applicable items.
1. Ordering the items in the Product Backlog to best achieve goals and missions. 2. Optimizing the value of the work the Development Team performs. 3. Ensuring that the Product Backlog is visible, transparent, and clear to all, and shows what the Scrum team will work on next.
53
Who is responsible for crafting the Sprint Goal at the Sprint Planning?
The Scrum Team
54
Could the Sprint Planning be finished if only work planned for the first days of the Sprint is decomposed to units of one day or less?
Yes, if the remaining work is also estimated, maybe in bigger units The Scrum Guide requires only the work planned for the first days of the Sprint is decomposed by the end of the Sprint Planning, often to units of one day or less. However, the Development Team should be able to explain to the Product Owner and Scrum Master how it intends to work as a self-organizing team to accomplish the Sprint Goal and create the anticipated Increment.
55
True or False: Only the Product Owner and the Development Team participate in the Sprint Planning. There is nothing to do for the Scrum Master.
False. The work to be performed in the Sprint is planned at the Sprint Planning. This plan is created by the collaborative work of the entire Scrum Team.
56
What are the three questions the Scrum Guide gives as an example that can be used at the Daily Scrum?
1. Do I see any impediment that prevents me or the Development Team from meeting the Sprint Goal? 2. What will I do today to help the Development Team meet the Sprint Goal? 3. What did I do yesterday that helped the Development Team meet the Sprint Goal?
57
Who participates in the Sprint Review? Select all applicable variants.
1. Product Owner 2. Scrum Master 3. Key Stakeholders 4. The Development Team In essence, Scrum Team + Stakeholders
58
What are the time-boxes for the Sprint Review and the Sprint Retrospective?
4 and 3 hours respectively The Sprint Review is at most a four-hour meeting for one-month Sprints. The Sprint Retrospective is at most a three-hour meeting for one-month Sprints.
59
What comprises Scrum (select four)?
The Scrum framework consists of Scrum Teams and their associated roles, events, artifacts, and rules. Each component within the framework serves a specific purpose and is essential to Scrum’s success and usage. The rules of Scrum bind together the events, roles, and artifacts, governing the relationships and interaction between them.
60
How does the Scrum Master serve the Organization? Select the three most appropriate answers.
1. Planning scrum implementations within the org 2. Leading and coaching the org in its scrum adoption 3. working with other scrum masters to increase the effectiveness of the application of scrum in the org The Scrum Master serves the organization in several ways, including: Leading and coaching the organization in its Scrum adoption; Planning Scrum implementations within the organization; Helping employees and stakeholders understand and enact Scrum and empirical product development; Causing change that increases the productivity of the Scrum Team; and, Working with other Scrum Masters to increase the effectiveness of the application of Scrum in the organization.
61
What are the three pillars that uphold Scrum?
1. Transparency 2. Inspection 3. Adaptation
62
The Scrum Master does the following regarding the Daily Scrum (select all applicable variants):
The Scrum Master Ensures that the Development Team has the meeting, but the Development Team is responsible for conducting the Daily Scrum. Teaches the Development Team to keep the Daily Scrum within the 15-minute time-box. If others are present at the Daily Scrum, ensures that they do not disrupt the meeting.
63
What belongs solely to the Development Team?
Sprint Backlog The Sprint Backlog is a highly visible, real-time picture of the work that the Development Team plans to accomplish during the Sprint, and it belongs solely to the Development Team.
64
What are the three main qualities the team model in Scrum is designed to optimize?
Flexibility, Creativity, and Productivity
65
Where can Scrum be used?
Scrum has been used to develop software, hardware, embedded software, networks of interacting function, autonomous vehicles, schools, government, marketing, managing the operation of organizations and almost everything we use in our daily lives, as individuals and societies. Scrum has been used extensively, worldwide, to: Research and identify viable markets, technologies, and product capabilities; Develop products and enhancements; Release products and enhancements, as frequently as many times per day; Develop and sustain Cloud (online, secure, on-demand) and other operational environments for product use; and, Sustain and renew products.
66
When many Scrum Teams are working on the same product, should all of their Increments be integrated every Sprint?
Yes, otherwise the Product Owners (and stakeholders) may not be able to accurately inspect what is done.
67
Which output from Sprint Planning provides the Development Team with a target and overarching direction for the Sprint?
The Sprint Goal
68
What should the Scrum Team do during the first Sprint?
Create a valuable and useful increment.
69
What are two ways a scrum master serves to enable effective Scrum Teams?
1. By removing impediments that hinder the Scrum Team. 2. By facilitating Developer decision-making.
70
Which statement best describes the Sprint Review?
It is when the Scrum Team and stakeholders inspect the outcome of a Sprint and figure out what to do next. Every event in Scrum, besides the Sprint, which is a container for the other events, is an opportunity to Inspect and Adapt.
71
True or False: When multiple scrum teams work together on the same product, each team should maintain a separate product backlog.
False: Products have one Product Backlog, regardless of how many Scrum Teams are used. Any other setup makes it difficult for the Developers to determine what they should work on.
72
When many Scrum Teams are working on a single product, what best describes the DoD?
All Scrum Teams must have a Definition of Done that makes their combined Increment valuable and useful. This means that when many Scrum Teams are working on a single product, they are expected to adhere to a single Definition of Done for the Increment.
73
What should the Scrum Team do during the first Sprint?
Create a valuable and useful increment.
74
Which of the following services is appropriate for a Scrum Master in regard to the Daily Scrum?
Teach the Developers to keep the Daily Scrum within the 15 min timebox.
75
How much work must the developers complete for each Sprint?
Enough so that the increment meets the Definition of Done.
76
True or False: The purpose of a Sprint is to produce a valuable and useful Increment of a usable product.
True
77
During a Sprint, a Developer determines that the Scrum Team will not be able to complete the items in their forecast. Who should be present to review and adjust the Product Backlog items selected?
The Product Owner and the Developers.
78
What are three incorrect, untrue, or misleading statements about Scrum?
1. Scrum is like traditional processes but with self-organization to replace Project Managers. 2. Scrum is a framework that eliminates complexity. 3. Scrum is a methodology where you can pick and choose which parts of Scrum you think will work for your environment.
79
A team assigned 3 story points to a story. The manager wanted to know how this can corelate to the time required to complete it. How should the team respond?
Story points are not directly correlated to time, rather through velocity, which specifies how many points a team can complete in an iteration.
80
In order to implement Lean, the first step should be to:
Draw a value stream map Value stream mapping is a way of analyzing a chain of processes and is the first step to achieving the elimination of waste.
81
Continuous integration is:
When all the code changes are checked and tested every day
82
A definition of done clarifies when a particular work item can be marked as done. When is the definition of done first used by the team?
While estimating the work
83
How frequently should the test-code-test cycle repeat itself in test-driven development?
Every few minutes
84
The process of test-driven development has the following steps:
Test, code, refactor, deliver
85
Agile focuses on iterative, incremental development, whereas Kanban focuses on:
Flow of work
86
A PMO (Project Manager Office) can be a key enabler for an agile transformation. What could be an area that the PMO can help an agile team with?
Guidelines to ensure compliance and established frameworks The PMO can help the team stay on the right side of required compliance needs
87
A team is estimating the time needed to create a software package by posting stories on the wall in the order from of least to greatest. This is an example of:
Relative sizing Relative sizing is estimating the size of a function or user story based on the size of another one.
88
The most important job of a scrum master is:
To keep the team focused on agile principles
89
Senior management would like to keep tabs on progress of a project. What is the best demonstration of progress that the team can come up with?
Working product
90
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93
Distributed agile teams often make use of live video conferences to stay in touch with the remote team members. This is important because these methods enable:
Face to face communication
94
94
You see a burndown chart, burnup chart, feature backlog, and a velocity chart on the wall. What are they?
Agile status
95
The charter for an agile project is a bit different from the charter for a traditional project in that:
Agile charter is more lightweight, recognizing the inevitability of changes
96
Documentation for an agile project should be _________________.
Barely sufficient
97
A team and business users are trying to agree on the design of a web interface for an ecommerce application. Which technique is likely to be most effective in this process?
Wireframes are simple means to express a user interface. Hence, in this case wireframes is the most effective technique.
98
A team finds that it frequently lands into trouble while implementing a feature due to unfulfilled external dependencies. They decided to ensure in the future that all dependencies should be met before an item can be accepted into an iteration for development. This needs to be included in the:
definition of ready
99
Continuous integration is the practice of:
Checking in the new features daily
100

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