Psoriasis

Question 1

What is it?

Answer 1

Formation of red scaly patches on the extensor surfaces

Question 2

What causes it?

Answer 2

PSORS 1-9 genetic changes that upregulate Th-1 cells and drive over-production of skin cells

Question 3

What happens to the skin?

Answer 3

It becomes inflammed due to the autoimmune reaction and begins to hyperproliferate at 10x the normal rate

Question 4

What does skin biopsy show? (5)

Answer 4

Acanthosis (thickening), Parakeratosis, Elongated and clubbed rete ridges, capillary dilation, neutrophils and lymphocytic infiltration

Question 5

Signs and Symptoms (6)

Answer 5

Well demarcated, erythematous, scaly patches (usually a silvery scale that bleeds if brushed off), found on the extensor surfaces, itching, soreness

Question 6

What are the systemic symptoms? (3)

Answer 6

Pitting and onycholysis of the nails, arthritis

Question 7

Is it common?

Answer 7

Yes, it affects 2% of the population

Question 8

Who does it affect?

Answer 8

Affects males and females equally and all races, age of onset is usually late teens then again after 50/60

Question 9

What is the treatment? (5)

Answer 9

Emollient use, mild/moderate steroid use e.g Hydrocortisone, Vitamin D3 analogues, Phototherapy, immunomodulators e.g Ciclosporin and Methotrexate