psy101#3 Flashcards
(76 cards)
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Q: What is the difference between recall and recognition tasks?
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Recall requires retrieving information with minimal cues ( essay tests).
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Recognition requires identifying correct information from a list of options ( multiple choice).
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Q: In the working memory model
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what directs attention?
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A: The Central Executive directs attention and coordinates activity.
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Q: What is the serial position effect? What are the primacy and recency effects?
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The serial position effect is the tendency to remember the first and last items of a list better than those in the middle.
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Primacy effect: Remembering the beginning items.
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Recency effect: Remembering the last items.
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Q: What are the two subtypes of declarative (explicit) memory?
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Semantic memory (facts and general knowledge)
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Episodic memory (personal experiences and events)
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Q: What is 7 ± 2 bits? What is chunking?
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7 ± 2 bits is the typical capacity of short-term memory (about 5-9 pieces of information).
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Chunking is grouping information into larger
meaningful units to improve memory.
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Q: How does the capacity of long-term memory differ from short-term memory?
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Short-term memory has a limited capacity (7 ± 2 bits) and duration (about 30 seconds).
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Long-term memory has unlimited capacity and can store information indefinitely.
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Q: What is procedural memory?
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A: Procedural memory is a type of implicit memory for performing tasks and skills (Riding a bike
typing).
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Q: What is the difference between implicit and explicit memory?
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Explicit memory requires conscious effort to retrieve ( facts).
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Implicit memory involves unconscious memory retrieval (skills
habits).
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Q: What process determines which memory information gets transferred from sensory memory to short-term memory?
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A: Attention determines which information moves from sensory memory to short-term memory.
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Q: Think about some memory strategies that you can apply in your life.
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Use mnemonics (acronyms
method of loci)
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Chunk information
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Use elaborative rehearsal (connect new knowledge to existing knowledge)
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Practice distributed learning (spaced repetition)
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Use cues (encoding specificity principle)
