PSY4111 - Mod 3 Lecture Notes Flashcards
(24 cards)
What are the different theories of emotion?
- Discrete emotion theory
- Cognitive theories of emotion
- James Lange Theory of emotion
- Antonio Damasio’s - Somatic marker theory
- Cannon-bard theory
- Two-factor theory
What is the cognitive theories of emotion?
You think first, feel later. Emotions are a product of thinking and what we feel in a response to a situation is determined by how we interpret it.
What is the James-Lange theory of emotion?
Emotions result from our interpretations of our bodily reactions to stimuli
What is the Somatic Marker Theory?
We use our “gut reactions”, especially our automatic response to gauge how we should act
What is the Cannon-bard theory of emotion?
An emotion-proving event leads simultaneously to both an emotion and bodily reactions
What is the the two-factor theory of emotion?
Two psychological events are required to produce an emotion:
- Encounter a emotion-provoking event which leads to undifferentiated state of arousal
- Try to explain the source of this automatic arousal - once we attribute the arousal to an occurrence, we experience an emotion.
What is the mere exposure effect?
Familiarity breeds comfort - refers to the fact that repeated exposure to a stimulus makes us more likely to feel favourably towards it.
What is the facial feedback hypothesis?
You are likely to feel emotions that correspond to your facial features.
What is a “illustrator”, “emblem” and “manipulator”?
An illustrator us gestures that highlight or accentuate speech.
Manipulators - gestures in which one body part strokes, presses, bites or otherwise touches another body part.
Emblems - gestures that convey conventional meanings that are recognised by members of culture
What is a “illustrator”, “emblem” and “manipulator”?
An illustrator us gestures that highlight or accentuate speech.
Manipulators - gestures in which one body part strokes, presses, bites or otherwise touches another body part.
Emblems - gestures that convey conventional meanings that are recognised by members of culture
What are the different types of personal space?
- Public Distance
- Social Distance
- Personal Distance
- Intimate Distance
What is the broaden and build theory?
Happiness predisposes us to think more openly and allows us to see the “big picture”
What is affective forecasting?
Predicting our own and other’s emotions, including happiness
What is durability bias?
We believe that both our good and bad moods will last longer than they actually do
What is the hedonic treadmill?
Tendency for our moods to adapt to external circumstances - our happiness quickly adjust to our ongoing life circumstances.
What is the drive reduction theory?
Certain drives like hunger, thirst and sexual frustration motivate us to act to minimise aversive states (i.e. hunger).
What is the drive reduction theory?
Certain drives like hunger, thirst and sexual frustration motivate us to act to minimise aversive states (i.e. hunger).
What is the drive reduction theory?
Certain drives like hunger, thirst and sexual frustration motivate us to act to minimise aversive states (i.e. hunger).
What is the difference between approach and avoidance?
Approach is certain drives that generate tendencies - a predisposition towards certain stimuli such as food
Avoidance is disposition away from certain stimuli
Approach and avoidance often leads to conflict
What is the difference between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation?
Intrinsic: “within” - people are motivated by internal goals
Extrinsic: “external” - people are motivated by external goals
What is the contrast effect?
When we receive reinforcement for a behaviour, we anticipate that reinforcement again.
What is the difference between primary and secondary urges?
Primary: “biological” necessities such as hunger and thirst
Secondary: psychological desires
What are the four phases of sexual desire?
- Excitement phase
- Plateau phase
- Orgasm phase
4, Resolution phase
What are the four social influences on interpersonal attraction?
- Proximity
- Similarity
- Reciprocity
