PSYC 2040 Flashcards
What is the One-Drink Effect?
The One-Drink Effect refers to the belief that individuals with alcohol-related problems think that having just one drink will lead to a loss of control, potentially escalating into a binge.
This belief creates a self-fulfilling prophecy.
How does Marlatt’s theory relate to absolutist thinking?
Marlatt’s theory connects the One-Drink Effect to absolutist thinking, where individuals view situations in black-and-white terms rather than as shades of grey.
This cognitive distortion can lead to a perception of failure after one drink.
What is the key insight of the One-Drink Effect?
The key insight is that the belief in inevitable loss of control may be more cognitive than physiological, leading to catastrophic interpretations of drinking behaviors.
For individuals with alcohol dependency, even one drink can trigger a relapse.
According to Marlatt, what is the core idea behind the One-Drink Effect?
Individuals with alcohol-related issues believe one drink will lead to inevitable loss of control.
Correct Answer: B) Individuals with alcohol-related issues believe one drink will lead to inevitable loss of control.
What does traditional psychodynamic theory link to alcoholism?
Traditional psychodynamic theory links alcoholism to an oral-dependent personality, suggesting excessive drinking stems from oral fixation during early psychosexual development.
Drinking serves to attain oral gratification.
What is a criticism of psychodynamic theory regarding alcoholism?
Research is mixed, with some studies suggesting a connection between alcoholism and dependent traits, but it is unclear whether dependence leads to alcoholism or vice versa.
What sociocultural factors influence alcohol consumption?
Cultural and religious factors significantly influence alcohol consumption, with religious participation often correlating with abstinence from alcohol.
For example, alcohol consumption is more normative in cultures like Germany.
Which sociocultural factor is associated with lower rates of alcohol use?
Active participation in religious activities is associated with lower rates of alcohol use.
Correct Answer: B) Active participation in religious activities.
What factors contribute to substance use disorders?
Substance use disorders involve biological, psychological, and environmental factors, including genetics, expectations about drug use, and social pressures.
Which factor is least associated with the development of substance use disorders?
Cultural norms that restrict substance use are least associated with the development of substance use disorders.
Correct Answer: D) Cultural norms that restrict substance use.
What does the One-Drink Effect suggest about cognitive beliefs?
It suggests that the belief in inevitable loss of control when drinking may be more cognitive than physiological, leading to a binge after one drink.
How does psychodynamic theory explain alcoholism?
Psychodynamic theory posits that alcoholism is linked to an oral-dependent personality, where excessive drinking fulfills unmet needs from early psychosexual development.
What role do sociocultural factors play in alcohol use?
Sociocultural factors influence alcohol use by establishing norms that either promote or limit consumption, such as cultural acceptance or religious prohibitions.
What is the main challenge in treating substance use disorders?
The main challenge is helping individuals maintain long-term abstinence from substances.
Correct Answer: B) Helping individuals maintain long-term abstinence.
What is detoxification in the context of substance use treatment?
Detoxification involves helping individuals withdraw from substances under medical supervision to manage withdrawal symptoms safely.
What is the purpose of Disulfiram (Antabuse)?
Disulfiram discourages alcohol consumption by causing severe nausea and other aversive reactions when alcohol is ingested.
What is the primary benefit of nicotine replacement therapy?
Nicotine replacement therapy helps individuals avoid withdrawal symptoms when quitting smoking.
Correct Answer: B) It helps individuals avoid withdrawal symptoms when quitting smoking.
What is a limitation of biological treatments for substance use disorders?
A limitation is that many individuals stop using medications like methadone and disulfiram, which can lead to relapse.
Correct Answer: C) People may stop using them and relapse.
What are nonprofessional support groups?
Nonprofessional support groups are facilitated by individuals with personal experience in substance use disorders, focusing on abstinence and support.
What is Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)?
AA is a widely used nonprofessional support program that helps individuals abstain from alcohol through a 12-step approach.
What is a challenge faced by Alcoholics Anonymous?
Many people drop out of AA, and those who remain committed tend to see better outcomes.
What is the difference between inpatient and outpatient treatment?
Inpatient treatment involves staying in a controlled environment, while outpatient treatment allows individuals to return home after sessions.
What are Residential Therapeutic Communities (TCs)?
Residential Therapeutic Communities are long-term treatment facilities for individuals with severe substance use disorders requiring intensive support.
What are the two types of treatment for substance use disorders?
Inpatient (involving hospitalization) and outpatient (where individuals return home after sessions).
