psyc 232

Question 1

construct validity

Answer 1

does the measurement match up to the theory

Question 2

internal validity

Answer 2

was the best research design used to answer the question

Question 3

external validity

Answer 3

does the research extent to scoety, more so than just the study itself

Question 4

reliability

Answer 4

the extent that your measurement is consistent

Question 5

item reliability

Answer 5

does each item in scales measure the same thing

Question 6

test-re-test reliability

Answer 6

would the test give simialr results if it was completed in same way again

Question 7

observer reliability

Answer 7

are participants making similar and consistents ratings with eachother (online book)

Question 8

central limit theorm

Answer 8

bigger the sample is, the better normal dist the data will give (minimum 30)

Question 9

categorical measurement

Answer 9

gender, ethnicity (not numbers)

Question 10

ordinal/ranked

Answer 10

meaningful order, but not mathematcially same distances beween each rank (1st, 2nd, 3rd)

Question 11

interval mean

Answer 11

equally sized distanced between each point (5 star rating)

Question 12

ratio mean

Answer 12

not equally distanced between each point (0 age)

Question 13

goal/research question

Answer 13

point and wanted question of research

Question 14

operationalization

Answer 14

turning a concept into something we can measure

Question 15

measurement

Answer 15

scale type

Question 16

autonomous

Answer 16

free decison (ethics)

Question 17

informed consent

Answer 17

participants giving consent to participate (ethics)

Question 18

beneficance

Answer 18

utilize benefits and looking at wellbeing of others

Question 19

psychological ethics

Answer 19

standards for reasearch

Question 19

justice

Answer 19

Selection of participants and risks/benefits for participants must be equitable

Question 20

morality

Answer 20

personal values, standards and beliefs, not to do with ethics in research

Question 21

ceiling effect

Answer 21

items that are to easy to score high in

Question 22

floor effects

Answer 22

items that are to easy to score low in

Question 23

scale anchors

Answer 23

circles you shade in, in a survey

Question 24

demand characteristics

Answer 24

clues in the study that participants pic up on that makes the participant guess what the researcher wants

Question 25

social desirability

Answer 25

participants change their answers to look good or to be social acceptable

Question 26

Acquiescence Bias

Answer 26

people are most likely to say yes

Question 27

neutral bias

Answer 27

people answer in the middle; they dont know what side to vote on

Question 28

Sphericity

Answer 28

do you havd enough variance to form a scale?

Question 29

priming

Answer 29

earlier questions have an effect on how participants answer later questions

Question 30

Sampling adequacy

Answer 30

do yor items have unique variance

Question 31

items loading

Answer 31

the bigger the number, the more it represents the component it is in

Question 32

cross loading

Answer 32

items that can go in both groups in a PCA

Question 33

principle components analysis (PCA)

Answer 33

scale reading test

Question 34

quota random sampling

Answer 34

given a random of things and then they choose out of the random set what they want

Question 35

freud (replication)

Answer 35

fully lying,

Question 36

mistakes (replication)

Answer 36

accidentally making mistakes that affects end data and research

Question 37

p-hacking (replication)

Answer 37

is where you try different options in the data, method, or analysis, until you get a significant p-value.

Question 38

stop-start-science (replication)

Answer 38

trying diffferent options during data collection that will help you better

Question 39

continuity

Answer 39

flows smoothly; no interuptions

Question 40

HARKing (non-continuity)

Answer 40

Hypothesizing After the Results are Known

Question 41

File-Draw Problem (non-continuity)

Answer 41

not significant results thrown away not used

Question 42

Not sharing (non-continuity)

Answer 42

not making your research, data etc public for others to see

Question 43

pre-registration (solution)

Answer 43

plan or research on your study before you complete it

Question 44

open and transparent science

Answer 44

sharing data for anyone to see

Question 45

pre-print

Answer 45

version of the manuscript before it has gone through peer review

Question 46

sampling

Answer 46

describes the selection of people to recieve information that represents a whole population

Question 47

probabilty/random sampling

Answer 47

picking participants at random; no purpose

Question 48

stratified sampling

Answer 48

dividing population into specific groups, then random sample from specific made groups

Question 49

purposive/targeted sampling

Answer 49

specifcally targeted/selected people

Question 50

covinience sampling

Answer 50

who ever is avaliable

Question 51

WEIRD

Answer 51

Western, Educated, Industrialised, Rich, Democrats

Question 52

sampling bias of random sampling

Answer 52

relies in your survey being as eqaully interesting and known for whole society

Question 53

ontology

Answer 53

perception of the world

Question 54

objective ontology

Answer 54

third person perspective, western way

Question 55

subjective ontology

Answer 55

first person perspective, kaupapa maori

Question 56

epistemology

Answer 56

what can I know and how can I know it

Question 57

methodology

Answer 57

how would you best collect the data

Question 58

methods

Answer 58

how are you going to collect your data

Question 59

qualitative

Answer 59

research with words; about meaning

Question 60

quantitative

Answer 60

research wth numbers