psych

Question 2

In psychology, the term that refers to the biologically influenced characteristics by which people define intersex, female, and male is:

Answer 2

c. sex.

Question 3

When Dimitri was conceived, he received an X chromosome from one parent and a Y chromosome from the other; this defined his _____. As he matured, he experienced himself as a boy and then as a man; this defined his _____

Answer 3

d. sex; gender.

Question 4

Most of us receive _____ chromosomes from each biological parent; of the total chromosomes received, _____ are unisex.

Answer 4

b. 23; 45.

Question 5

Aggression is defined in psychology as:

Answer 5

c. any physical or verbal behavior intended to harm someone physically or emotionally.

Question 6

Kristo, who is angry at Sjra for not inviting them to a party, spreads a rumor that Sjra cheated on his math test. This behavior BEST illustrates:

Answer 6

b. relational aggression.

Question 7

Eduardo and Faye are being interviewed for the same high-level management position. These differences demonstrate gender variations in:

Answer 7

a. social power.

Question 8

Chang’s teenager has asked him how the Covid-19 vaccine works. This phenomenon, which is more common among men, is called:

Answer 8

c. the male answer syndrome.

Question 9

Russ, a carpenter, is having coffee with Bettina, a professional stock trader. This is an example of:

Answer 9

a. mansplaining.

Question 10

Although Chen and Ivan have much in common as a couple, their unique activity preferences BEST illustrate a difference in:

Answer 10

c. social connectedness.

Question 11

When Garvit was 14 years old, his larynx enlarged and his voice deepened. This change represents:

Answer 11

d. a secondary sex characteristic.

Question 12

Aldo is a genetic male who was born with two X chromosomes and one Y chromosome. This is called:

Answer 12

b. Klinefelter syndrome.

Question 13

Ophelia is a genetic female who was born with a single X chromosome. This is known as:

Answer 13

b. Turner syndrome.

Question 14

When Adria teases her younger brother Emilio, his behavior BEST illustrates the influence of:

Answer 14

b. gender roles.

Question 15

At work, Aoki has repeatedly received unwanted sexual advances. Aoki is experiencing sexual:

Answer 15

a. harassment.

Question 16

Asher scolds their son when he cries but kisses their daughter when she cries. Asher’s contribution to the gender typing of their children would MOST likely be highlighted by:

Answer 16

b. social learning theory.

Question 17

Tatiana, a young woman assigned male at birth, has received a diagnosis of gender dysphoria. This means that Tatiana experiences:

Answer 17

c. distress associated with the dissimilarity between her experienced gender and her sex assigned at birth.

Question 18

Thirty-year-old Kami is among the 1 percent of people who have never felt sexually attracted to another person. Kami can BEST be described as:

Answer 18

d. asexual.

Question 19

Despite being arrested for exhibitionism, Eniv continues to experience the urge to sexually expose themselves to unconsenting strangers. This BEST illustrates a(n):

Answer 19

d. paraphilia.

Question 20

Kosal, a 26-year-old medical student, is attracted to women; his brother Kolab, a 20-year-old college junior, is attracted to men. The brothers differ in their:

Answer 20

c. sexual orientation.

Question 21

The maternal immune hypothesis suggests that:

Answer 21

a. male fetuses stimulate the mother’s immune system to produce antibodies.

Question 23

What is prosopagnosia?

Answer 23

A condition in which a person cannot recognize faces.

Question 24

What is the process called when sensory nerve endings respond to a stimulus?

Answer 24

Transduction.

Question 25

What demonstrates sensory adaptation?

Answer 25

Shana, who initially feels very aware of the tight fabric on her neck but hardly notices it after some time.

Question 26

What do Isan's eyes do to light energy from the sun?

Answer 26

Transduce the light energy into neural messages.

Question 27

What is the spectrum of electromagnetic energy?

Answer 27

It ranges from short gamma waves to long radio transmission waves.

Question 28

What structure first bends light as it enters the eye?

Answer 28

The cornea.

Question 29

What is the path through which words travel through the eye?

Answer 29

Cornea, pupil, lens, retina.

Question 30

What condition does Kwame likely have if they can read a book but struggle with distant signs?

Answer 30

Myopia.

Question 31

What prevents Juana from seeing all the cars while driving?

Answer 31

Her blind spot.

Question 32

What characterizes color-deficient vision?

Answer 32

A lack of functioning red- or green-sensitive cones, or both.

Question 33

What membrane vibrates after a sound travels through the auditory canal?

Answer 33

The eardrum.

Question 34

What may cause Balaniki to hear voices but not understand them?

Answer 34

Damage to the auditory cortex.

Question 35

What does the gate-control theory suggest about pain?

Answer 35

Pain is experienced when small nerve fibers activate and open a neural gate in the spinal cord.

Question 36

What are our natural painkillers called?

Answer 36

Endorphins.

Question 37

What does Obinze's experience of pain in a missing foot illustrate?

Answer 37

Phantom limb sensations.

Question 38

What is our sense of taste known as?

Answer 38

Gustation.

Question 39

What do taste buds do?

Answer 39

They release neurotransmitters.

Question 40

What would be most useful for Mwayi to detect gas in her kitchen?

Answer 40

Olfactory receptors.

Question 41

What factors influence our ability to identify and remember scents?

Answer 41

Gender, age, and culture.

Question 42

What does parapsychology study?

Answer 42

Phenomena such as ESP and psychokinesis.

Question 43

How do psychologists define learning?

Answer 43

Learning is the process of acquiring through experience new and relatively enduring information or behaviors.

Question 44

What does the term 'association' refer to in learning?

Answer 44

Association refers to our natural tendency to connect events that occur in sequence.

Question 45

In the context of fear, what is the sound of an ambulance siren to Hayley?

Answer 45

The sound is a stimulus.

Question 46

What behavior is Zander demonstrating when he salivates at the smell of eggs?

Answer 46

He is demonstrating respondent behavior.

Question 47

What type of learning is Johanna demonstrating when she replaces the battery after watching Abigail?

Answer 47

Johanna is demonstrating observational learning.

Question 48

What did psychologist Mary Cover Jones show regarding fear in children?

Answer 48

She showed how conditioning can also reduce fear in children.

Question 49

What does Blair's behavior around friends and teachers illustrate?

Answer 49

This BEST illustrates the law of effect.

Question 50

What process is illustrated by Latifa reinforcing accurate short drives before long drives?

Answer 50

This BEST illustrates the process of shaping.

Question 51

What method is Habib using to teach Misu to jump over hurdles?

Answer 51

Habib is using the method of successive approximations.

Question 52

What type of reinforcer is the eraser given to Shabana for writing her name correctly?

Answer 52

The eraser is an example of a positive reinforcer.

Question 53

What type of schedule is Tashi using when ordering groceries every week for a discount?

Answer 53

This is an example of a fixed-interval schedule.

Question 54

What do online adaptive quizzing programs enable students to do?

Answer 54

They enable students to work at their own pace and provide immediate feedback.

Question 55

What does a biopsychosocial approach to learning include?

Answer 55

It includes experiences, cognitive, and biological influences.

Question 56

What phenomenon is illustrated by Ganesh's aversion to potatoes and mayonnaise after becoming ill?

Answer 56

This illustrates the phenomenon of preparedness.

Question 57

What does Louis-Philippe's cat's behavior illustrate after initially learning to sit?

Answer 57

This illustrates instinctive drift.

Question 58

What has Akiko developed after working at the library for three weeks?

Answer 58

Akiko has developed a cognitive map.

Question 59

Who was the pioneering researcher of observational learning?

Answer 59

The pioneering researcher was Albert Bandura.

Question 60

What does Ari's learning to care for his children by observing his parents illustrate?

Answer 60

This BEST illustrates the value of observational learning for promoting prosocial behavior.

Question 61

What does Calix's behavior of wearing a turned-up collar illustrate?

Answer 61

This illustrates the importance of modeling.

Question 62

What does Imogen's behavior in college demonstrate about observational learning?

Answer 62

This demonstrates that observational learning can increase antisocial behavior.