psych 3030 exam 4 Flashcards
(29 cards)
What is symbolic thought?
Using objects, images, or words to represent something else
What does pretend play develop?
Symbol realism, creativity, role-playing, and imagination
What do mental images help with?
Memory, spatial reasoning, language meaning, and creativity
What is Piaget’s Preconceptual stage?
A stage from 2–4 years characterized by basic and often illogical ideas
What is Piaget’s Intuitive stage?
A stage from 4–7 years that relies on mental imagery and gut feeling
What is egocentrism?
Belief that everyone sees and thinks the same way you do
What is centration?
Focusing on one part of an object or situation
What is transductive reasoning?
Mentally linking unrelated events without logic
What is animism?
Believing inanimate objects have feelings and intentions
What is artificialism?
Belief that everything was created by a person
What is egocentric speech?
Talking like others know what they mean
What builds a preschooler’s self-concept?
Responsibility, gender roles, moral development, and feedback
What are the three gender identity concepts?
Gender identity, gender stability, gender constancy
What is Kohlberg’s Stage 1?
Avoid punishment
What is Kohlberg’s Stage 2?
Self-interest (‘What’s in it for me?’)
What is Erikson’s Preschool stage?
Initiative vs. Guilt
What is the purpose of play?
Helps social, emotional, physical, and cognitive development
What are imaginary friends?
Normal; common in ages 2–7
What is repressed jealousy?
Hidden jealousy shown through nightmares or physical symptoms
What causes preschooler stress?
Developmental struggles, home issues, peer conflict, fear
What is Erikson’s stage for ages 5–13?
Industry vs. Inferiority
What is Erikson’s stage for ages 13–21?
Identity vs. Role Confusion
What is Kohlberg’s Stage 3?
Interpersonal conformity (being ‘nice’)
What is Kohlberg’s Stage 4?
Maintaining social order (follow rules)
