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Psych Flashcards

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1
Q

Delirium Tremens

A

ETOH withdrawal

low serum B12

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2
Q

Acute delirium

A

Mx - Cause, otehrwise haloperidol

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3
Q

Pharm causes of depression

A

Prednisolone

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4
Q

Frontal lobe injury

A

Px - Hyperphagia, lability&irritability, hypersexuality, inappropriate affect

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5
Q

Wilson’s

A

Ax - Cu accumulation

Px - jaundice, KF rings, Psych=aggression, disinhibition

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6
Q

Huntington’s

A

Ax - chromosome 4p triplet repeat. Cell loss in basal ganglia, sunstantia nigra and verebellum
Px movement disorder, choreiod and athetoid movements dementia, personality changes

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7
Q

Stroke psych complications

A

Depression

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8
Q

Schizophrenia subtypes

A

Hebephrenic/disorganized: predominance of thought disorder and affective symptoms. social withdrawal, fatuous affect, negative symptoms develop rapidly
Catatonic: psychomotor disturbances or catatonic behaviour, waxy flexibility, negativism, aversion
Paranoid: delusions and hallucinations
Residual: +ve Sx are replaced by -ve Sx
Simple: insidious development of oddities of conduct, inability to meet demands of society and decline in total performance
Lifetime risk is 0.4% twins 50%

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9
Q

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

A

Emergency
Ax - complicaiton of antipsychotics dopamine blockage.
Px - Confused, dec GCS, extra-pyramidal Sx, fever, hypotension, tachycardia
Mx - stop antipsychotic

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10
Q

Aripiprazole

A

Newer antipsychotic, less SE’s

SE: Nausea, insomnia

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11
Q

Olanzapine

A

2nd gen antipsychotic
Treating +ve Sx
SE: wt gain and diabteic control

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12
Q

Clozapine

A

Treatment resistant schizophrenia

SE: Neutropenia or agranulocytosis

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13
Q

Sertraline

A

SSRI antidepressant

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14
Q

Section 3

A

Detain for 6 mnths, when the person is known to mental health services

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15
Q

Section 2

A

Detain for 28 days, initial assessment

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16
Q

Section 135

A

Warrant permitting police to search premises and remove pts from those premises

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17
Q

Section 4

A

Detained for 72hrs, emergency, should be converted to section 2. 1 medical recommendation

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18
Q

Section 5(2)

A

(Dr) Detain for 72hrs on inpts for a full mental health assessment

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19
Q

Lewy body dementia

A

Second most common after Alzheimer’s
Day to day fluctuation of cognition, visual hallucinations, parkinsonian
Antipsychotics avoided

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20
Q

Normal pressure hydrocephalus

A

Gait, urinary incontinence, dementia

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21
Q

Hippocampal atrophy on MRI

A

Alzheimer’s

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22
Q

MOA of drugs targeting cognitive symptoms of dementia

A

Drugs that Inc ACh i.e. ACh esterase inhibitors

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23
Q

Day to day fluctuating consciousness, visual hallucinations, Parkinsonism

A

Lewy body dementia

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24
Q

Excessive worry over memory loss in old people.

A

Depression

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25
Somatization is a common presentation of ......... in old age
Depression
26
Partition delusions 'radiation through ceiling'
VLOSP
27
Body fat in elderly increases/decreases | Fat soluble drugs will have a longer/shorter duration of effect in older people
Increases | Longer
28
Px - pyrexia, rigidity, tachycardia, raised WCC, raised CK, fluctuating consciousness, younger male pts Ax - antipsychotics Mx - stop antipsychotics, IV fluids (bromocriptine/dopamine agonist may be used)
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
29
Wake up screaming w/ no recollection the next day
Night terror
30
Wake up screaming w/ recollection
Nightmares
31
Suicide RF's
``` Male 45 divorced, single, widowed unemployed psych illness prev episode of self harm chronic physical illness adverse life events ```
32
Annual rsk of suicide | Annual incidence of self-harm
1 in 10,000 | 3-1000
33
Delusional psychosis infected w/ parasites
Ekbom's
34
Nihilistic delusion that one is dead, does not exist, is decaying etc
Cotard syndrome
35
Delusional belief that someone of a higher social status is in love with you
De Clerambault's
36
Mimicking ideas of crazy w/ approximate answers showing understanding of underlying Q Prison inmates before trial
Ganser's
37
Delusion that persecutor can change form
Fregoli's
38
Delusional jealousy
Othello syndrome
39
Px - >2years of multiple, variable physical Sx of no underlying cause, refusal to accept Dr's reassurance, impairment of social function, Sx not intentionally produced,
Somatization disorder
40
Px - dazed and inability to process external stimuli after exceptional physical or mentally stressful stimuli
Acute stress reaction
41
Restless legs
Akathisia
42
Px - Lip smacking, sucking, chewing | Ax - extrapyramidal SE of antipsychotics e.g. haloperidol
Tardive dyskinesia
43
``` Atypical antipsychotics (2) MOA ```
Olanzapine, Clozapine | Block dopamine D1+D4 receptors
44
Px - severe HTN, tachycardia, pyrexia, hyperreflexia, SSRI + St Johns Wort
Serotonin syndrome
45
Snapshot low mood
Dysphoria
46
Snapshot exaggerated high mood
Euphoria
47
Distorted recall of past experiences
Paramnesia
48
Inability to recall past experiences
Amnesia
49
Exaggerated retention of detail in past recall
Hypermnesia
50
Copying movements
Echopraxia
51
Repeated non goal directed movements
Sterotypies
52
Motionless resistance to commands and attempts to be moved
Negativism
53
Pt remains motionless but allows their posture to be manipulated, the limbs remain in the new posture
Waxy flexibility
54
Bizarre body posture adopted for inappropriately long time
Posturing
55
Tentative incomplete movements i.e. when shaking hands
Ambitendency
56
Px - Auditory hallucinations, Thought disorder, passivity, delusion
Schizophrenia Auditory hallucinations - running commentary third person auditory hallucination Though disorders - insertion, withdrawal, broadcasting Passivity - movement/emotion/sensation being controlled by external influences Delusion - fixed belief despite evidence to the contrary
57
Px - Mood disorder + schizophrenic Sx. Classified into manic and depressive
Schizoaffective disorder
58
Delusion that parts of the body are rotting away
Psychotic depression ?Cotard
59
Px - Stupor, excitement, posturing, negativism, rigidity,
Catatonic Schizophrenia
60
Px - predominantly positive Sx's (delusions and hallucinations), w/ inc suicide risk
Paranoid schizophrenia
61
Px - earlier age, mainly negative Sx's (thought disorders and incongruent affect)
Hebephrenic schizophrenia
62
Px - gradual decline in functioning, negative w/o positive
Simple Schizophrenia
63
Cluster A
Paranoid/schizoid
64
Cluster B
Histrionic, emotionally unstable, dissocial
65
Cluster C
Anankastic, anxious, dependent
66
Sensitive, Unforgiving, Suspicious, Possesive and jealous of partners, Excessive self-importance, Conspiracy theories, Tenacious sense of rights
Paranoid PD
67
Anhedonic, Limited emotional range, Little sexual interest, Apparent indifference to praise/criticism, Lacks close relationships, One-player activities, Normal social conventions ignored, Excessive fantasy worlds
Schizoid PD
68
Attention seeking, Concerned with own appearance, Theatrical, Open to suggestion, Racy and seductive, Shallow affect
Histrionic PD
69
Affective instability, Expolsive behaviour, Impulsive, Outbursts of anger, Unable to plan or consider consequences
Emotionally unstable personality disorder
70
Doubtful, Excessive detail, Tasks not completed, Adheres to rules, Inflexible, Likes own way, Excludes pleasure and relationships, Dominated by intrusive thoughts
Anankastic
71
Carbemazepine Lamotrigine Lithium carbonate Sodium valproate
Mood stabilizers
72
Chlorpromazine
1st gen antipsychotics | Potent anti-cholinergic effects
73
Trimipramine
TCAD | risk of inducing manic episode in BPAD
74
Quetiapine
2nd gen/atypical antipsychotic
75
Donepezil
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor | Cognitive and non-cognitive Sx's of dementia
76
Haloperidol
Antipsychotic dopamine antagonist
77
Procyclidine
Antimuscarinic agent | Parkinson's, parkinsonian/extra pyramidal SE Tx
78
Mild depression 1st line
CBT
79
Severe depressive illness Tx
ECT
80
Fluoxetine
SSRI 1st line depression medication | SE: GI, insomnia, sexual dysfunction
81
Resistant depression, mania prophylaxis, | SE: fine tremor, dry mouth, metallic taste, wt gain
Lithium
82
TCA | SE: drowsiness, wt gain, dry mouth, blurred vision
Amitriptyline
83
Malaysian man runs around killing people and takes own life
Amok
84
Assian men w/ retracting penis
Koro
85
Arctic circle, violence, hysteria and bizarre behaviour followed by amnesia
Piblokto
86
Indian, masturbation bad, semen+vital fluid
Dhat
87
North African women, exaggerated startle response, echolocia, obeying comands
Latah
88
South american, severe depressive episode, separation of soul from the body
Susto
89
North American tribes, cannibalism, possessed
Windigo
90
Section 136
Allows police to detain a Pt in a public place
91
Section 5 (4)
Nurses holding power lasts 6 hrs on inPts
92
TCAD SE's
``` Drowsiness Dry mouth Blurred vision Constipation Urinary retention ```
93
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy
PTSD
94
Severe depression criteria
``` Decreased concentration Reduced self-esteem Guilt Pessimism about the future Self-harm ideation Disturbed sleep Reduced appetite ```
95
poor memory, difficulty in word finding and difficulty in planning
Alzheimer's
96
management of an unconscious patient without capacity to consent to surgery
The involvement of close family members in decision-making is crucial in such cases.
97
Citalopram
SSRI | SE: Insomnia, GI
98
Mirtazapine
NSSRI | Indication Warfarin
99
Delusions congruent w/ pt mood
Mania
100
Bullimia BMI
>18
101
Anorexia BMI
<17.5
102
Episode of self harm after suicide attempt % (1 yr)
20%
103
Heroin withdrawal Sx
Dilated pupils sweaty runny nose
104
Non-identical twin risk of schizophrenia lifetime rsk
10%
105
Clinical depression inpts
25%
106
Scizophrenia young full recovery %
20%
107
Who can make the application for section2+3
Approved social worker
108
Wernicke's Sx
Opthalmoplegia, ataxia (heel-toe), confusion
109
Korsakoff's Sx
Confabulation, amnesia
110
Acute dystonia
Procylidine
111
Tardive dyskinesia
Stop depot start Olanzepine
112
Anorexia Mx
Specialist diet clinic, nutritional advice, individual+family therapy
113
PD criteria
``` REPORT Relationship affected Enduring Pervasive Onset since childhood Results in distress Trouble in occupation/social life ```
114
Hebephrenc
Young and mood
115
MMSE 25-20
Mild = Donepezil
116
MMSE 20-10
Moderate = Donepezil or straight to memantine
117
MMse <10
Severe = Memantine
118
Care programme approach
Key worker
119
Hypothyroidsim
Lithium
120
Extra-pyramidal
Typical antipsychotics
121
Benzo overdose
Flumazanil
122
Previous failed inpt detox
Outpt detox

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