psych exam 1 Flashcards
(106 cards)
1
Q
what is token economy
A
reward system
2
Q
explain the difference between biologic, psychological, and social assessments
A
biologic- all about the person and their hx and physical wellbeing
psychological- abt mental health and mental status
social- influences on social forces like friends and fam and status of life
3
Q
what are 4 steps of the nursing process
A
Assessment
Diagnosis
Intervention
Evaluation
4
Q
suicide definition
A
voluntary act of killing oneself, a fatal, self-inflicted destructive act
5
Q
suicidality definition
A
all suicide-related behaviors and thoughts of completing or attempting
6
Q
suicidal ideation definition
A
thinking about or planning ones death
7
Q
suicidal attempts definition
A
nonfatal self-inflicted destructive act
8
Q
parasuicide definition
A
attempt but with the real intention to not be death
9
Q
lethality definition
A
probability of success of completed suicide
10
Q
what are some short term goals for the patient
A
maintain pt safety & use pt resources
11
Q
what are some long term goals for the patient
A
maintaining pt psychiatric treatment and widening the pts support system
12
Q
what is psychobiology
A
the study of the biological foundations of cognitive, emotional, and behavioral processes
13
Q
frontal lobe functions
A
cognitive functioning
working memory
personality
14
Q
temporal lobe functions
A
hearing, language, emotional responses
15
Q
parietal lobe functions
A
feeling and spacial awareness
16
Q
occipital lobe functions
A
vision and voluntary movements- basal ganglia (bundle of nerves)
17
Q
“gyroscope balancer”
A
cerebellum
18
Q
“pleasure center”
A
limbic system
19
Q
limbic system functions
A
basic emotions
needs and drives
instinct
20
Q
“relay station”
A
thalamus
21
Q
“homeostasis regulator”
A
hypothalamus
22
Q
“emotional brain”
A
amygdala
23
Q
personality disorders come from the disregulation of what
A
amygdala
24
Q
“memory center”
A
hippocampus
25
neuroplasticity
ability of the brain to change
26
what are the primary neurotransmitters for the sympathetic nervous system
norepinephrine and epinephrine
27
what are the primary neurotransmitters for the parasympathetic nervous system
acetylcholine
28
what are the 4 neurotransmitters
cholinergic
biogenic amines (monoamines)
amino acids
neuropeptides
29
psychoeducation
an evidence-based therapeutic intervention for patients and their loved ones that provides information and support to better understand and cope with illness
30
typical antipsychotic main side effect
EPS
31
atypical antipsychotic main side effect
weight gain
32
main side effects of antipsychotics
cardio- othro hypo & prolonged QT interval
anticholinergic- dry mouth, constipation, blurred vision
weight gain & EPS
33
what EPS movement disorders are acute
pseudoparkinsonism
akathisia
dystonia
34
pseudoparkinsonism
shuffle gait
stooped posture
tremors and rest
35
akathisia
constant motion of feet
restless
trouble standing still
36
dystonia
facial grimacing
involuntary eye movement
muscle spasms
37
what is Tardive dyskinesia
a chronic (permanent) EPS movement disorder
doesn't go away even after stop taking antipsychotics
- protrusion and rolling of tongue
- sucking and smacking lip movements
- involuntary movements of body
38
what are the mood stabilizers
anticonvulsants
lithium
calcium channel blockers
adrenergic blocking agents
atypical antipsychotics
39
what is the gold standard treatment for mood stabilizers
lithium
40
what is lamotrigine (lamictal)
anticonvulsant mood stabilizer - watch for rash
41
what to watch for when taking lithium
blood toxicity
renal and thyroid functions
creatine concentration
CBC every 6 months
42
what is carbamazepine
calcium channel blocker mood stabilizer
43
what to watch for with CCBs?
check blood levels
SE: dizzy, drowsy, tremor, n/v
44
what are the 7 antidepressants?
SSRIs
SNRIs
NDRIs
SARIs - sedation
NaSSA - sedation
TCAs - 3
MAOIs - ser & norep
45
what pt should not do while on MAOIs?
eat or drink aged foods line wine and cheese
46
what are the antianxiety drugs
benzodiazepines & nonbenzodiazepines
47
difference between benzodiazepines & nonbenzodiazepines
benzos are highly addictive and should only be used for up to 2 weeks
nonbenzos are the safer option
48
what are the 4 sedative-hypnotics
benzos
GABA
melatonin
antihistamines
49
what do stimulants do?
increase dopamine -> increases focus
50
what are the 3 stimulants
wake-promoting agents
adderall
Vyvanse
51
what is st. johns wart
an herbal supplement that increased serotonin (watch for serotonin syndrome)
52
what is kava
an herbal supplement that has a risk of severe liver injury
53
what is tryptophan
an herbal supplement that helps make melatonin and serotonin
54
electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
used for depression, mania, and schizophrenia
major side effect is memory loss that mostly eventually comes back
55
light therapy
helps to reset circadian rhythms when someone is seasonally depressed from being in a dark area for along time
56
transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)
manages symptoms of depression
57
vagus nerve stimulation (VNS)
a permanent implant for adults that are unresponsive to several antidepressants
58
the emotional and psychological balance in the pursuit of wellness and a meaningful quality of life
mental health
59
conditions involving altered thinking, mood, and behavior
mental disorders
60
what is the DSM-5
used to diagnose mental disorders
61
what is evidence-based practice
problem-solving approach to help improve outcome of patient
62
what is public stigma
stereotypes, discrimination, and negative images portrayed
63
whats the difference between spirituality and religious
spirituality - ones self as a part of a spiritual force
religiousness- organized way to be in community worshiping together
64
self determination act
pt has right to make informed decisions
65
competency
if pt is competent, pt has right to know whats going on
66
informed consent
the right to be informed of treatment options
67
least restrictive environment
restrict only if its the final option with reason
68
mandate to inform
authority is mandated to report the patient if they have thoughts or plans to harm someone by name
69
what 3 important things did Sigmund freud teach
transference - pt is bias
cotransference - nurse is bias
ID, Ego, Superego
70
acculturation
adopting to new culture forms
71
linguistic and culture competence
being able to communicate effectively to someone with different culture and/or language
72
maslow's hierarchy of needs
you need the basic needs of life in order to move up the pyramid to having self-actualization
73
what are Erik Eriksons 8 stages of psychosocial development
trust vs mistrust
autonomy vs shame and doubt
initiative vs guilt
industry vs inferiority
identify vs role confusion
generativity vs stagnation
integrity vs despair
74
which of yalom's 11 primary factors is defined as hope is required to keep patients in therapy
instillation of hope
75
which of yalom's 11 primary factors is defined as finding out that others have similar problems
universality
76
which of yalom's 11 primary factors is defined as didactic instruction about mental health, mental illness, and so on
imparting information
77
which of yalom's 11 primary factors is defined as learning to give to others
altruism
78
which of yalom's 11 primary factors is defined as assuming some of the behaviors and characteristics of the therapist
imitative behavior
79
which of yalom's 11 primary factors is defined as analogue of therapeutic factors in individual therapy, such as insight, working through the transference, and corrective emotional experience
interpersonal learning
80
which of yalom's 11 primary factors is defined as group members relationship to therapist and other group members
group cohesiveness
81
which of yalom's 11 primary factors is defined as open expression of affect to purge or "cleanse" self
catharsis
82
which of yalom's 11 primary factors is defined as pts ultimate concerns of existence: death, isolation, freedom, and meaninglessness
existential factors
83
what is OARS
open ended questions
affirmations
reflective listening
summaries
84
process of understanding ones own beliefs, thoughts, motivations, biases, and limitations and recognizing how they affect others
self- awareness
85
what is motivational interviewing
talking with patient to make them motivated to improve
86
what are the stages of change
pre-contemplation
contemplation
determination/preparation
action
maintenance
relapse
87
what is SOLER
sit squarely
open posture
lean foreward
eye contact
relax
88
how much of each is one drink?
beer, wine, malt liquor
beer- 12oz
wine- 5oz
malt liquor - 8.5oz
89
how many drinks/day and /week are recommended
men: 4/day 14/week
women: 3/day 7/week
90
what are the AUDIT score interpretations
0-3 no/low risk
4-13 at risk
14+ high risk
91
what are the 4 steps of motivational interviewing
engage
focus
evoke reasons for change
plan options
92
addiction definition
continued use of substances despite the consequences
93
use definition
ingestion, smoking, sniffing, or injection of mind altering substance
94
abuse definition
use for wrong purpose or beyond intended use
95
withdrawl definition
symptoms that occur after stopping a substance
96
detoxification definition
process of SAFE withdrawl
97
what is the 1st and 2nd most abused substances
1st- alc
2nd- marijuana
98
disulfiram (antabuse)
med for alc use disorder
helps pt not drink bc it'll make then sick
watch for dizziness
99
naltrexone
helps reduce cravings of alc and opioids
100
methadone
helps with opioid use disorder
its a lower level opioid to help quit
101
buprenorphine
1st option for opioid use disorder but weaker than methadone
102
naloxone
reversal agent for opioid use
103
clonidine
BP med used for opioid use disorder
monitor BP
104
bupropion
antidepressant med used for smoking cessation
105
determine which are stimulants and depressants:
inhalents
steroid
alcohol
cocaine
nicotine
caffeine
inhalents - depressant
steroid - stimulant
alcohol - depressant
cocaine - stimulant
nicotine - stimulant
caffeine - stimulant
106
what are the alc induced permanent brain disorders
wernicke encephalopathy
korakoff's amnestic syndrome
wernicke-korsakoff syndrome
