Psych Exam SG Chapter 1

Question 1

Who Supports Dualism (Mind/Body)?

Answer 1

Plato, Descartes

Question 2

Who Supports Monism (body and mind as one)

Answer 2

Hippocrates, Hobbes

Question 3

What is Localization of Function

Answer 3

Specific parts of the brain serve specific functions. Controlling experience/behavior

Question 4

What is Physiology

Answer 4

The study of how the human body works

Question 5

What did Charles Darwin Believe

Answer 5

Living things inherit traits based on via natural selection

Question 6

What is Nature vs. nurture

Answer 6

knowledge is innate vs. knowledge comes from experience

Question 7

in 1870 what did German environmentalists do?

Answer 7

studied the simplest kinds of functions

Question 8

What is structuralism,
Who believed in it?

Answer 8

Using introspection to look at individual components of the conscious experience
Titchner

Question 8

cons of introspection/ structuralism?

Answer 8

Variability, Verification, Reliance on consciousness

Question 8

What is introspection,
Who believed in it?

Answer 8

study of mental events by looking within (recording thought)
Wundt

Question 9

What is functionalism?

Answer 9

purpose and functions of the mind

Question 10

What is behaviorism?

Answer 10

The idea of studying interactions in the environment as well as learning

Question 10

What is Gestalt Psychology

Answer 10

theory of perception, how people perceive things as a whole rather than the individual parts

Question 11

what is cognitive neuroscience

Answer 11

study of the biological basis of processes such as memory, perception, language, and decision making

Question 12

what is cognitive psychology

Answer 12

study how the brain works and how people think

Question 13

what are the levels of analysis

Answer 13

biological, individual, social, cultural

Question 14

Steps in experiment

Answer 14

theory, hypothesis, study design, data collection, evaluation, communication

Question 15

what is an independent variable?

Answer 15

The variable being manipulated

Question 16

what is the dependent variable

Answer 16

the measured variable

Question 17

what is an experiment

Answer 17

2+ variable
Manipulate 1
Measure the other

Question 18

what is a description

Answer 18

observational, self-reports, case studies

Question 18

what is a correlation

Answer 18

2+ variable
don’t manipulate them
correlation /= causation

Question 19

what is an EEG

Answer 19

electroencephalogram
measures the brain’s electrical activity

Question 20

What is a PET

Answer 20

Positron emission tomography
scans the brain’s metabolic activity

Question 21

What is an MRI

Answer 21

magnetic resonance imaging high-resolution image of the brain

Question 22

what is a fMRI

Answer 22

functional magnetic resonance imaging assessing blood oxygen levels in the brain

Question 23

What is a TMS

Answer 23

Transcranial magnetic stimulation disrupts brain activity in a specific region

Question 24

What is a legion

Answer 24

demonstrate specific injury results in a specific deficit

Question 25

difference between laboratory and field?

Answer 25

lab - controlling the experiment field - observing

Question 26

mean median and mode

Answer 26

mean - average median - middle score mode - most common

Question 27

range, standard deviation

Answer 27

range - (highest - lowest) standard deviation - the average difference between said score and the mean

Question 27

what is sufficient probability for a set of data to be acceptable

Answer 27

=/<5%

Question 28

What is a random variable

Answer 28

an unaccounted-for variable

Question 29

what is the third variable?

Answer 29

a variable outside the experiment

Question 29

What is a confounding variable

Answer 29

variables other than the IV are causing the result

Question 30

what is the subject and experimenter's expectancy

Answer 30

when the subject and experimenters expect a certain outcome that outcome is more likely

Question 31

what is a double-blind

Answer 31

when both experimenters and subjects don't know the variables