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N318 > Psych Medications > Flashcards

Psych Medications Flashcards

(63 cards)

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1
Q

low-potency antipsychotic meds

A

chlorpromazine (thorazine)
thioridazine (mellaril)
mesoridazine (serentil)

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2
Q

antipsychotic meds (low potency)

A

side effects: sedation, anticholinergic effects, hypotension, extrapyramidal side effects.

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3
Q

anticholinergic effects

A

dry mouth, constipation, blurred vision, urinary retention, confusion.

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4
Q

extrapyramidal side effects

A

dystonia, pseudoparkinsonism, akathisia.

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5
Q

dystonia

A

laryngospasm, torticollis, oculogyric crisis, opisthotonus

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6
Q

pseudoparkinsonism

A

tremor at rest, rigidity, bradykinesia, postural changes.

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7
Q

akathisia

A

inner feeling of restlessness

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8
Q

anticholinergic medications for EPS

A

trihexyphenidyl (Artane); diphenhydramine (Benadryl), benztropine (Cogentin),
amantadine (Symmetrel)

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9
Q

propanolol

A

more effective than anticholinergics for akathisia

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10
Q

typical agents antipsychotic meds

A

increased EPS, low anticholinergic side effect, low sedation.

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11
Q

hyperactive dopamine in mesolimbic area

A

causes positive symptoms

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12
Q

lack of dopamine in prefrontral cortex

A

causes negative symptoms

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13
Q

excess glutamate

A

causes increased agitation and destruction of moderating neurons.

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14
Q

clozapine (clozaril)

A

reserved for those who cannot tolerate other antipsychotic meds;
causes agranulocytosis.

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15
Q

atypical antipsychotic meds

A

risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine, ziprasidone
(-“DONE”)
effective for both (+) and (-) symptoms.

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16
Q

atypical antipsychotic meds

A

side effects: orthostatic hypotension, lower EPS, sedation, weight gain.

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17
Q

iliperidone (fanapt)

A

atypical antipsychotic med that causes serious hypotension and syncope; requires very slow titration.

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18
Q

aripiprazole (abilify)

A

atypical antipsychotic; dopamine-serotonin stabilizer; flat dose relationship.
side effects: N/V, sedation, dizziness, min weight gain, CV side effects.

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19
Q

antidepressants

A

may take as long as 6 weeks to have therapeutic effect.

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20
Q

first episode depression

A

pt should take use antidepressants for 6-9 months.

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21
Q

second episode depression

A

use antidepressants for 1-2 years.

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22
Q

more than 2 episodes depression

A

use antidepressants indefinitely.

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23
Q

tricyclic antidepressants

A

amitriptyline (elavil), imipramine (tofranil), nortriptyline (pamelor)

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24
Q

TCA side effects

A

anticholinergic, sedation, orthostatic hypotension, weight gain, arrhythmias

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25
hypertensive crisis
TCA + MAOIs
26
CNS depresssion
TCA + alcohol/sedatives/hypnotics
27
increased TCA efficacy and toxicity
TCA + SSRIs
28
hyperthermia, constipation, dry mouth
TCA + anticholinergics
29
increased TCA levels
TCA + cimetidine
30
MAOIs
phenelzine (Nardil), tranylcypromine (Parnate) | side effects: dizziness, restlessness, insomnia, dry mouth, wt gain, sexual dysfunction.
31
serotonin syndrome
MAOI + SSRI; hyperthermia, ALOC, autonomic instability, altered muscle tone, diarrhea.
32
hypertensive crisis
MAOI + meperidine/cold and allergy meds.
33
MAOIs
cheese, wine, and preserved food are prohibited.
34
SSRIs
citalopram (celexa), escitalopram (lexapro), fluoxetine (prozac), paroxetine (paxil), sertraline (zoloft). -pram, -tine, -line.
35
SSRIs
side effects: nausea/vomting, diarrhea, nervousness , insomnia, somnolence, constipation, sexual dysfunction
36
SSRI + St. John's Wort
can produce serotonin syndrome
37
SNESRI
have the benefits/side effects of both TCA and SSRI; | venlafaxine (effexor) and desvenlafaxine (pristiq)
38
SNESRI
effective at higher dose if patient does not respond to SSRI; in-utero exposure is dangerous.
39
Duloxetine (Cymbalta)
inhibits dopamine reuptake; SSRI + other side effects; | nausea, dry mouth, constipation, insomnia, dizziness, increased sweating
40
Bupropion (Wellbutrin)
causes stimulation, minimal sexual dysfunction, seizures.
41
Mirtrazapine (Remeron)
causes sedation, increased appetite, minimal sexual dysfunction.
42
trazodone (Desyrel)
low dose used for sleep; causes minimal sexual dysfunction (priapism).
43
lithium carbonate
blood level monitoring required; initial response seen in 5-10 days, must use benzodiazepines for temporary relief.
44
lithium carbonate
drug interactions: coffee, advil, alleve, diuretics
45
initial lithium side effects
GI effects (N/V, diarrhea), fine hand tremor, polyurea, polydipsia.
46
long term lithium side effects
leukocytosis, hypothyroidism, wt gain, dermatological, nephrogenic DI syndrome.
47
lithium toxicity
coarse hand tremor, N/V, diarrhea, confusion, ataxia, slurred speech, lethargy; profound CNS depression, arrhythmia, seizures, coma.
48
valproic acid
mood stabilizer; FDA approved as anticonvulsant, for tx of acute mania, and tx of migraine.
49
carbamazepine (tegretol)
mood stabilizer; FDA approved as anticonvulsant and tx bipolar disorder.
50
carbamazepine (tegretol)
mood stabilizer | side effects are anticholinergic and rash.
51
oxcarbazepine (trileptal)
divide BID; mood stabilizer side effects: sedadtion/fatigue, dizziness, headache, N/V
52
lamotrigine (lamictal)
mood stabilizer | indicated for bipolar depression; side effect RASH (indicative of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome)
53
topiramate (topamax)
mood stabilizer | may cause blindness, typically occurs within the first month of therapy)
54
olanzapine (zyprexa)
mood stabilizer; used for mania and schizophrenia.
55
antidepressant
treatment of choice when depression and anxiety occur together.
56
benzodiazepines
used for antianxiety, relieve insomnia, anticonvulsant, muscle relaxant
57
benzodiazepines
important to taper dose by no more than 25% per week to prevent withdrawal symptoms.
58
buspirone (buspar)
atypical anxiolytic; good choice for patients with history of alcohol or substance abuse since has lower abuse potential.
59
anticholinesterase
anti-alzheimer's medications; slow progression of decline and preserve cognitive function.
60
memantine (Namenda)
anti-alzheimer's meds; blocks action of glutamate.
61
Lisdexamphetamine (Vyvanase)
CNS stimulant prodrug which is less likely to be abused.
62
Atomoxetine (Strattera)
non-CNS stimulant for ADHD; severe liver damage is a rare side effect.
63
Bupropion (wellbutrin)
contraindicated in seizure disorders.

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