psych people

Question 1

John Watson and Rosalie Raynor

Answer 1

Little Albert case study; classical conditioning; generalization

Question 2

Ivan Pavlov

Answer 2

classical conditioning

Question 3

Sigmund Freud

Answer 3

ID, ego, superego; defense mechanisms

Question 4

Howard Gardner

Answer 4

MI (Multiple Intelligences) theory

Question 5

Sternberg: Stanford-Binet

Answer 5

Developed theory of IQ

Question 6

Albert Bandura

Answer 6

Bobo doll; social learning; imitation; modeling; vicarious learning

Question 7

B.F. Skinner

Answer 7

Pioneered the study of operant conditioning

Question 8

Edward L. Thorndike

Answer 8

First proposed the Law of Effect

Question 9

Young-Helmholtz

Answer 9

Color vision theory; trichromatic

Question 10

Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf

Answer 10

Theory of Linguistic Relativity

Question 11

Noam Chomsky

Answer 11

Language acquisition is biologically based; LAD

Question 12

Elizabeth Loftus

Answer 12

Studies false memories, framing, eye-witness fallibility

Question 13

Edward Tolman

Answer 13

Rat in maze exp. demonstrating cognitive map; latent learning

Question 14

John Garcia

Answer 14

Conditioned taste aversion; bait shyness

Question 15

Wolfgang Koehler

Answer 15

Chimp experiment to demonstrate insight learning

Question 16

Breland & Breland

Answer 16

Instinctual drift; revert back to biologically-based behaviors

Question 17

Paul Broca

Answer 17

Discovered area in left frontal lobe; speech production

Question 18

Carl Wernicke

Answer 18

Discovered area in left temporal lobe; language comprehension

Question 19

Jean Piaget

Answer 19

Schema; four stages of cognitive development

Question 20

Albert Ellis

Answer 20

RET; ABC (Rational Emotive Therapy) (A: Activating Event B: Belief (either rational or irrational) C: Consequence (rational: leading to health consequences | irrational: leading to unhealthy consequences)

Question 21

Solomon Asch

Answer 21

Conformity; “line” experiment

Question 22

Martin Seligman

Answer 22

Learned helplessness

Question 23

Stanley Milgram

Answer 23

Obedience to authority; “shock” experiment

Question 24

Lawerence Kohlberg

Answer 24

Developed ladder of moral development

Question 25

Wilhem Wundt

Answer 25

fathers of modern psychology. He distinguished psychology as a science from philosophy and biology. Ball drop test

Question 26

Stanley Hall

Answer 26

established the first formal US psych lab. interests focused on human life span development and evolutionary theory. the first president of the APA

Question 27

Mary Whiton Calkins

Answer 27

1st female president of APA. work informed theory and research of memory, dreams and the self. was denied a Ph.D

Question 28

Margaret Floy Washburn

Answer 28

1st female to get a Ph. D in psych. known for her experimental work in animal behavior and motor theory development

Question 29

Abraham Maslow

Answer 29

Created/thought of the hierarchy of needs, a theory of psychological health predicated on fulfilling innate human needs in priority, culminating in self-actualization

Question 30

Dorothea Dix

Answer 30

advocate on behalf of the indigent mentally ill who created the first generation of American mental asylums.

Question 31

Gustav Fechner

Answer 31

studied our awareness of faint stimuli and labeled them absolute thresholds

Question 32

Ernst Weber

Answer 32

discovered the just noticeable difference; his law states that the just noticeable difference will vary depending on its relation to the strength of the original stimulus

Question 33

Herman Ebbinghaus

Answer 33

experimental study of memory, and are known for their discovery of the forgetting curve and the spacing effect. they were also the first person to describe the learning curve

Question 34

George Miller

Answer 34

founders of cognitive psychology, and more broadly, of cognitive science. they also contributed to the birth of psycholinguistics

Question 35

Carol Dweck

Answer 35

known for her work on motivation and mindset

Question 36

Phillip Zimbardo

Answer 36

Stanford prison experiment, which was later severely criticized for both ethical and scientific reasons

Question 37

Leon Festinger

Answer 37

known for cognitive dissonance and social comparison theory

Question 38

elizabeth kubler ross

Answer 38

she made the 5 stages fo grief outline

Question 39

erik erikson

Answer 39

psychological development of human beings. He coined the phrase identity crisis

Question 40

lev vygotsky

Answer 40

his work on psychological development in children. He published on a diverse range of subjects, and from multiple views as his perspective changed over the years

Question 41

diana baumrind

Answer 41

clinical and developmental psychologist known for her research on parenting styles and for her critique of the use of deception in psychological research

Question 42

mary ainsworth

Answer 42

her work in the development of the attachment theory. She designed the strange situation procedure to observe early emotional attachment between a child and its primary caregiver

Question 43

Alfred Adler

Answer 43

inferiority complex His emphasis on the importance of feelings of belonging, family constellation, and birth order

Question 44

Carl Jung

Answer 44

collective unconscious, archetypes,

Question 45

Carl Rogers

Answer 45

among the founders of the humanistic approach in psychology

Question 46

Aaron Beck

Answer 46

father of cognitive therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy

Question 47

Mary Cover Jones

Answer 47

developmental psychologist and a pioneer of behavior therapy