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Psych First Aid USMLE > Psych Pharm > Flashcards

Psych Pharm Flashcards

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1
Q

Mech: Increase catecholamines at the synaptic cleft, esp NE and Dopamine

A

Methylphenidate, Dextroamphetamine, and Methamphetamine

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2
Q

Used for ADHD, narcolepsy, appetite control.

A

Methylphenidate uses?

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3
Q

Mech: All typical antipsychotics are D2 antagonists; inhibits G(i) thus increases cAMP.

A

Haloperidol, Trifluoperazine, Fluphenazine, Thioridazine, Chlorpromazine mechanism of action?

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4
Q

Used for: Schizophrenia, Tourette’s syndrome, acute mania, psychosis. Huntington’s disease.

A

Haloperidol, Trifluoperazine, Fluphenazine, Thioridazine, Chlorpromazine uses?

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5
Q

SE: Neuromalignant syndrome, tardive dyskinesia (extrapyramidal side effect), hyperprolactinemia leading to galactorrhea. Antimuscarinic effects (dry mouth, constipation) and anti-alpha adrenergic effects (hypotension) and anti histamine effects (sedation).

A

Haloperidol, Trifluoperazine, Fluphenazine, Thioridazine, Chlorpromazine side effects?

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6
Q

Mech: Atypical antipsychotic. 5-HT2, alpha, H1, and D2 antagonist. Inhibits G(i) and increases cAMP.

A

Olanzapine, Clozapine, Quetiapine, Risperidone, Aripiprazole, Ziprasidone

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7
Q

Used for Schizophrenia (both positive and negative symptoms), OCD, anxiety disorder, depression, mania, and Tourette’s syndrome.

A

Olanzapine, Clozapine, Quetiapine, Risperidone, Aripiprazole, Ziprasidone uses?

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8
Q

SE: Less EPS and anticholinergic side effects vs typical antipsychotics. Significant weight gain.

A

Olanzapine, Clozapine side effects?

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9
Q

SE: Agranulocytosis (must do weekly WBC monitoring). Less EPS and anticholinergic side effects vs typical antipsychotics. Significant weight gain.

A

Clozapine side effects?

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10
Q

SE: Less EPS and anticholinergic side effects vs typical antipsychotics.

A

Risperidone, Aripiprazole, Ziprasidone s

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11
Q

Mech: Inhibits phosphoinositol cascade.

A

Lithium

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12
Q

Mood stabilizer for bipolar disorder; blocks relapse and acute manic events. Also SIADH.

A

Lithium

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13
Q

SE: Tremor, sedation, edema, heart block, hypothyroidism, polyuria, nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, hypothyroidism, teratogenic (Ebstein’s abnomality of heart), malformation of great vessels.
- Narrow therapeutic window requires close monitoring, most is excreted by kidneys; most reabsorbed in PCT following Na+.

A

Lithium

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14
Q

Mech: Stimulates 5-HT1A receptors.

A

Buspirone mechanism of action?

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15
Q

Used for Generalized anxiety disorder.

A

Buspirone uses?

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16
Q

SE: No sedation, addiction, or tolerence. Does not interact with alcohol.

A

Buspirone side effects?

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17
Q

TCA; blocks reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin.

A

Imipramine, amitriptyline, nortriptyline, desipramine, clomipramine, doxepin, amoxapine

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18
Q

Major depression, bedwetting, fibromyalgia.

A

Imipramine uses?

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19
Q

SE: Convulsions, coma, respiratory depression and hyperpyrexia. Confusion and hallucinations in elderly Due to anticholinergic effects. Prolongs QRS thus causes arrhythmias; due to inhibition of voltaged gated sodium channels in the heart. Treat with sodium bicarbonate.

A

Imipramine, Despiramine, Nortriptyline, Clomipramine, Doxepin, Amoxapine side effects?

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20
Q

Used for Major depression, fibromyalgia.

A

Amitriptyline, Despiramine, Nortriptyline, Doxepin, Amoxapine uses?

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21
Q

SE: SIADH. Convusions, coma, respiratory depression and hyperpyrexia. Due to anticholinergic effects. Prolongs QRS thus causes arrhythmias; due to inhibition of voltaged gated sodium channels in the heart. Treat with sodium bicarbonate.

A

Amitriptyline side effects?

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22
Q

Major depression, OCD, fibromyalgia.

A

Clomipramine uses?

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23
Q

Mech: Serotonin-specific reuptake inhibitors.

A

Fluoxetine, Paroxetine, Sertraline, Citalopram mechanism of action?

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24
Q

Used for: Requires 2-3 weeks to take effect. Depression, OCD< bulimia, social phobias.

A

Fluoxetine, Paroxetine, Sertraline, Citalopram uses?

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25
SE: Less side effects than TCAs. GI distress, sexual dysfunction (anorgasmia). Serotonin syndrome when combined with MAOIs or other drugs that increase serotonin (tyramine). Treat with cyproheptadine.
Fluoxetine, Paroxetine, Sertraline, Citalopram side effects?
26
Mech; inhibits serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake.
SNRIs: Venlafaxine mechanism of action?
27
Used for Depression, generalized anxiety disorder.
Venlafaxine uses?
28
SE: Increase in blood pressure, stimulant effects, sedation, nausea.
Venlafaxine, Duloxetine side effects?
29
Mech: inhibits serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake. Stronger NE effect than venlafaxine.
SNRIs; Duloxetine
30
SE: Depression, diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
Duloxetine uses?
31
Mech: Non-selective monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors increase levels of amine neurotransmitters (NE, serotonin, dopamine)
- Tranylcypromine, Phenelzine, Isocarboxazid, Selegiline (selective MAO-B inhibitor) - "MAO Takes Pride IN Shanghai"
32
Used for: Atypical depression, anxiety, hypochondriasis.
- Tranylcypromine, Phenelzine, Isocarboxazid, Selegiline (selective MAO-B inhibitor) uses?
33
SE: Hypertension with tyramine ingestion (foods like wine and cheese) and beta-agonists. CNS stimulation. Contraindicate with SSRIS or meperidine.
- Tranylcypromine, Phenelzine, Isocarboxazid, Selegiline (selective MAO-B inhibitor)
34
Increases dopamine and norepinephrine release.
Bupropion mechanism of action?
35
Used for: Smoking cessation, atypical antidepressant.
Bupropion uses?
36
SE: Stimulant effects (tachycardia, insomnia), headache, seizure in bulimic patients. No sexual side effects. INCREASES SEIZURE THRESHOLD.
Bupropion side effects?
37
Mech: alpha-2 adrenergic antagonist (increases release of NE and 5-HT) and potent 5-HT2/3 antagonist.
Mirtazapine mechanism of action?
38
Used for: Atypical antidepressant.
Mirtazapine, Maprotiline, uses?
39
SE: Sedation, increased appetite, weight gain, dry mouth.
Mirtazapine side effects?
40
Mech: Inhibits norepinephrine reuptake.
Maprotiline mechanism of action?
41
SE: Sedation, orothostation hypotension.
Maprotiline side effects?
42
Mech: Inhibits serotonin reputake.
Trazodone mechanism of action?
43
Used for: Atypical antidepressant; typically used for insomnia.
Trazodone uses?
44
SE: Priapism, postural hypotension, sediation, nausea.
Trazodone side effects?
45
Mech: Stimulates orexins; increases dopamine, noradrenaline, and serotonin levels.
Modafinil mechanism of action?
46
Used for Narcolepsy.
Modafinil uses?
47
Mech: Acetylaldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor; causes buildup of toxic acetylaldehyde.
Disulfiram mechanism of action?
48
SE: Produces acute sensitivity to alcohol consumption.
Disulfiram uses?
49
Mech: Nicotinic receptor partial agonist.
Varenicline mechanism of action?
50
Used for Smoking cessation.
Varenicline uses?
51
SE: Increased risk of suicide, CV disease.
Varenicline side effects?
52
Mech: Opioid antagonist.
Naloxone, Naltrexone mechanism of action?
53
Used for Emergency opioid overdose treatment; used IV.
Naloxone uses?
54
Used for Dependence treatment, used orally.
Naltrexone uses?
55
Mech: BDZ antagonist.
Flumazenil mechanism of action?
56
Used for Benzodiazepine overdose; can't be used for barbituate or alcohol overdose.
Flumazenil uses?
57
Mech: 5-HT2 antagonist.
Cyproheptadine mechanism of action?
58
Used for: Treats serotonin syndrome (hyperthermia, muscle rigidity, CV collapse, flushing, diarrhea, seizures) from the combination of SSRIs and other serotonin increasing drugs (MAOIs).
Cyproheptadine uses?
59
High Potency Antipsychotics (neuroleptics)
"Try to Fly High" - Trifluoperazine, Fluphenazine, Haloperidol - SE: Extrapyramidal Symptoms
60
Low Potency Antipsychotics (neuroleptics)
"Cheating Thieves are low" - Chlorpromazine, Thioridazine - SE: non-neurologic SE's (anticholinergic, antihistamine, and alpha1-blockade)
61
Antipsychotic that leaves Corneal Deposits
Chlorpromazine
62
Antipsychotic that leaves Retinal Deposits
Thioridazine
63
Antipsychotic that has Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome and tardive dyskinesia
Haloperidol
64
Symptoms include Fever, Encephalopathy, Vitals unstable, Elevated enzymes, and Rigidity of Muscles
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
65
Symptoms include stereotypic oral-facial movements as a result of long-term antipsychotic use that is often irreversible.
Tardive Dyskinesia
66
Tricyclic Antidepressants
Amitriptyline, nortriptyline, imipramine, desipramine, clomipramine, doxepin, amoxapine
67
SSRI's
Fluoxetine, Paroxetine, Sertraline, Citalopram | "Flashbacks Paralyze Senior Citizens"
68
Drugs used for Alcohol Withdrawal
Benzodiazepines
69
Drugs used for Anxiety
SSRIs, SNRIs, Buspirone
70
Drugs used for ADHD
Methyphenidate, Amphetamines
71
Drugs used for Bipolar Disorder
"Mood Stabilizers" (lithium, valproic acid, carbamazepine), atypical antipsychotics
72
Drugs used for Bulimia
SSRIs
73
Drugs used for Depression
SSRIs, SNRIs, TCAs, buspirone, mirtazapine (esp with insomnia)
74
Drugs used for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
SSRIs, Clomipramine
75
Drugs used for Panic Disorder
SSRIs, Venlafaxine, benzodiazepines
76
Drugs used for PTSD
SSRIs
77
Drugs used for Schizophrenia
Antipsychotics
78
Drugs used for Social Phobias
SSRIs
79
Drugs used for Tourette's Syndrome
Antipsychotics (haloperidol, risperidone)

Psych First Aid USMLE (1 decks)

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