Psych terms

Question 1

Delusions

Answer 1

a fixed false unshakable belief that a person holds even when evidence shows otherwise

Question 2

Hallucinations

Answer 2

a perception that is experienced in the absence of a stimulus. Often auditory and visual

Question 3

Affect

Answer 3

an outward expression of how you feel. Should be appropriately reactive and responsive to the situation.

Question 4

Neologisms

Answer 4

made up words. Often can be a combination of two existing words

Question 5

Psychosis

Answer 5

a group of symptoms that arise where the person has a loss of perception of reality

Question 6

Anhedonia

Answer 6

inability to experience pleasure. Usually seen in depression

Question 7

Positive symptoms

Answer 7

something added on to what most people experience i.e hallucinations

Question 8

Negative symptoms

Answer 8

the lack of a normal experience. Subtraction of normal behaviour. i.e lacking concentration

Question 9

delusions of Grandeur

Answer 9

delusions of being a special status or significance. i.e. I will end world hunger cause I am king

Question 10

Delusions of Nihilism

Answer 10

delusions of no longer existing, about to die or already being dead. i.e. I am no longer alive

Question 11

Delusions of Persecution:

Answer 11

delusions of something being out to get them. i.e. they are trying to get me locked up

Question 12

Delusions of Control/passivity

Answer 12

Delusions in which they believe that someone is controlling their thoughts, feelings and/or actions

Question 13

Flight of ideas

Answer 13

patient leaps from one topic to another with discernible links between them. Feature of mania

Question 14

Word salad

Answer 14

Completely inherent speech. Real words are put together randomly in nonsense sentences. i.e. shop dinner shirt sweets.

Question 15

Knights move thinking

Answer 15

a severe type of loosening of association where there is no logical links between their ideas

Question 16

thought Derailment:

Answer 16

a frequent interruption of ideas. The conversation moves randomly from one topic to another. E.g. tangentiality, circumstantiality

Question 17

thought Broadcast

Answer 17

they believe their thoughts are being shared with others: usually a large number of people

Question 18

thought echo

Answer 18

the person experiences their own thoughts as if they were being spoken put loud

Question 19

thought withdrawal

Answer 19

they believe that their thoughts are being removed from their mind by an external source and they have no control over this

Question 20

thought Block:

Answer 20

they may find themselves not being able to think of speak in response to events around them

Question 21

reactive affect

Answer 21

this is a normal affect. It should be appropriately responsive to the situation. I.e. smiling winning the lottery

Question 22

blunted affect

Answer 22

difficulty expressing emotions. Often seen as diminished facial expressions and gestures. May be seen in schizophrenia.

Question 23

flat affect

Answer 23

no emotional and appropriate response to situations. May be unresponsive and uncaring. (i.e. unexpressing winning lottery)

Question 24

Emotionally Labile

Answer 24

Emotions are usually inappropriately expressive or excessive. Usually seen in mania. i.e. laughing during a funeral

Question 25

• 2nd person auditory hallucination

Answer 25

The subject hears voices which talk to them directly (e.g. “you’re going to die, you’re going to die”)

Question 26

hallucinations

Answer 26

A perception which occurs in the absence of a stimulus. To the person this has the impact of a real perception and is indistinguishable. It occurs externally (not in the mind).

Question 27

Illusion

Answer 27

False perception of a real stimulus. Three types: affect, completion and pareidolia.

Question 28

3rd person auditory hallucination

Answer 28

The subject hears voices talking about them in the third person or commentating on their actions (e.g. ”he’s having a drink, now he’s going to the bathroom”)

Question 29

Pseudo-hallucination

Answer 29

A sensory experience vivid enough to be a hallucination but recognised by the subject not to be real.

Question 30

Negative Symptoms

Answer 30

A cluster of symptoms that often occur in chronic schizophrenia including poverty of speech, flat affect, poor motivation, poor attention and neglect

Question 31

Delusion

Answer 31

A fixed firmly held belief that is held with unshakeable conviction despite evidence to the contrary and cannot be explained by the subject’s cultural or religious background.

Question 32

Positive symptoms

Answer 32

A cluster of psychotic symptoms including hallucinations and delusions.

Question 33

Depersonalisation

Answer 33

A change in awareness of self, in which the individual feels they’re not real and are detached from the world. They are aware this is abnormal.

Question 34

Derealisation

Answer 34

To the subject the external world appears unreal or artificial. They’re aware this is abnormal.

Question 35

Loosening of associations

Answer 35

Loss of structured thinking. The subject seems muddled and doesn’t become clearer with further questioning, things often seem more confusing the more you ask them.

Question 36

Grandiose delusions

Answer 36

Delusion of having of a higher status or significance, special powers or a secret mission.

Question 37

Delusional perception

Answer 37

The subject receives a normal perception but it’s interpreted with delusional meaning and has immense significance (e.g. I know I’m the king as I saw the traffic light turn green)

Question 38

Flight of ideas:

Answer 38

Rapid flow of thought, manifested by accelerated speech with abrupt changes from topic to topic. There is often some form of link between topics. Often seen in mania.

Question 39

• Nihilistic delusions

Answer 39

Extremely negative delusions of being dead or part of the body decaying.

Question 40

• Thought insertion

Answer 40

Thoughts which are not believed to be the subject’s own infiltrate their mind. They often have bizarre explanations of how it’s happened

Question 41

Ideas of reference

Answer 41

The belief that innocuous events have direct personal significance to the subject (e.g. believing something on the TV is a direct message to them).

Question 42

Perseveration

Answer 42

The repetition of a particular response (phrase, word, or gesture) despite the absence or cessation of the stimulus. Often seen in organic brain disorders.

Question 43

Othello syndrome

Answer 43

delusional jealously, usually believing their partner is unfaithful
without any real proof. This is accompanied by socially unacceptable behaviour linked to these claims.

Question 44

loss of inhibition

Answer 44

It refers to the inability to control one’s impulses or behaviour, which can be seen in conditions such as mania or certain personality disorders.

Question 45

Hyperarousal

Answer 45

This term refers to the state of being constantly on guard for threats, leading to restlessness, sleep disturbances and difficulty concentrating. It represents the body’s heightened response to fear and stress.

Question 46

De Clerambault’s syndrome

Answer 46

Erotomania (De Clerambault’s syndrome) is the presence of a delusion that a famous is in love with them, with the absence of other psychotic symptoms

Question 47

Capgras syndrome

Answer 47

Capgras syndrome . This is the delusion that a person closely related to the patient has been replaced by an impostor.

Question 48

De Frégoli syndrome

Answer 48

De Frégoli syndrome. This is the delusion of identifying a familiar person in various people they encounter.

Question 49

Ekbom syndrome

Answer 49

Ekbom syndrome.This is delusional parasitosis and describes the delusion of infestation.

Question 50

catatonia

Answer 50

Stopping of voluntary movement or staying still in an unusual position = catatonia