psych unit 1 aos 1

Question 1

somatic nervous system

Answer 1

the division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body’s skeletal muscles

• voluntary movements
• sensory neurons
• motor neurons

Question 2

autonomic nervous system

Answer 2

The part of the PNS that controls the glands and the muscles of the internal organs.

• heartbeat
• digestion
• circulation

Question 3

sympathetic nervous system

Answer 3

the division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body, mobilizing its energy in stressful situations

Question 4

parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 4

the division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body, returning us to homeostasis

Question 5

spinal cord

Answer 5

Nerves that run up and down the length of the back and transmit most messages between the body and brain

Question 6

In which way do neurons travel to and from the CNS

Answer 6

sensory neurons carry nerve impulses from the sensory stimuli to the CNS and Brain and motor neurons carry the nerve impulses to the sensory stimuli from the cns and brain

Question 7

afferent neurons

Answer 7

sensory neurons that carry nerve impulses from sensory stimuli towards the central nervous system and brain

Question 8

efferent neurons

Answer 8

motor neurons that carry neural impulses away from the central nervous system and towards muscles to cause movement

Question 9

Forebrain

Answer 9

upper level structures- higher order thinking processes eg. problem solving and planning

Question 10

midbrain location and function

Answer 10

co-ordinated movement, sleep and arousal

Question 11

Hindbrain location and function

Answer 11

a link between the spinal cord and the brain that contains structures such as brainstem, pons, cerebellum and medulla that regulate physiological functions, including heart rate, respiration, and blood pressure

Question 12

cerebral cortex location and function

Answer 12

outer layer of the brain, that is responsible for higher mental processes and complex behaviours - contains the four lobes

Question 13

corpus callosum location and function

Answer 13

the large band of neural fibres that connect the right and left hemispheres of the cerebral cortex

Question 14

hippocampus location and function

Answer 14

part of the limbic system that is responsible for long term memory and spatial orientation

Question 15

amygdala location and function

Answer 15

A limbic system structure involved in memory and emotion, particularly fear and aggression.

Question 16

Brain stem location and function

Answer 16

regulates reflex survival responses

Question 17

pons location and function

Answer 17

controls movement, breathing, sleeping, dreaming and waking

Question 18

cerebellum location and function

Answer 18

perception and cognition, balance and fine muscle control.

Question 19

medulla location and function

Answer 19

heartbeat, breathing and other vital bodily functions

Question 20

hypothalamus location and function

Answer 20

regulates emotions and ‘instinctive’ drive - responsible for maintaining homeostasis

Question 21

reticular formation location and function

Answer 21

important in the control of arousal in the sleep/wake cycle. Also part of both midbrain and hindbrain

Question 22

frontal lobe location and function

Answer 22

associated with reasoning, planning, parts of speech, movement, emotions, and problem solving

Question 23

primary motor cortex location and function

Answer 23

voluntary movement

Question 24

prefrontal cortex location and function

Answer 24

part of frontal lobe responsible for thinking, planning, and language - underdeveloped in adolescents

Question 25

somatosensory cortex location and function

Answer 25

registers and processes body touch and movement sensations

Question 26

parietal lobe location and function

Answer 26

receives sensory input for touch and body position- spatial awareness

Question 27

thalamus location and function

Answer 27

directs messages to the sensory receiving areas in the cortex and transmits replies to the cerebellum and medulla

Question 28

temporal lobe location and function

Answer 28

A region of the cerebral cortex responsible for hearing, language and facial recognition

Question 29

occipital lobe location and function

Answer 29

A region of the cerebral cortex that processes visual information

Question 30

brocas area location and function

Answer 30

speech production