Psych Week 3 Flashcards
(30 cards)
How are motivation and emotion linked?
The have a close and complex relationship:
- emotions can motivate (grief, guilt, job, enthusiasm)
- motives being gratified or thwarted causes emotion
What are the two basic components of Motivation?
Goals - what you want to achieve
Intensity - how strongly you want to do it
What are additional components of motivation?
Endurance - how long you try
Motive - WHY you want to do it
True of False: Motivation must become Habit to be sustainable in the long term
True!
What are some biological and social motives?
Social:
- need to excel
- social bonds
- independence
Biological
- tidiness and organisation
-nourish and protect
Motivation and Evolutionary perspective
- Motivated by SURVIVAL
eg; hunger pains to locate food
Criticisms of Evolutionary perspective on MOTIVATION
- Not testable
- Does not explain all behaviour (not all cultures value attraction/affection when selecting a mate)
Behaviourist Perspective and Motivation
Motivated by maintaining HOMEOSTASIS;
- drive reduction theory;
stimulus, drive, reward/reinforcement
- classic conditioning
Criticisms on Behaviourist Perspective and Motivation
- People engage in behaviour that does not reduce drive; continuing to eat after full
- stimuli can activate drive (eat when not hungry walking past a food truck)
Humanist perspective and motivation
Motivated by personal growth and achieving self actualization
What is a primary drive vs secondary drive?
Primary:
- food
- shelter
- reproduce?
Secondary:
- money
- fashion?
Criticisms of humanist perspective in MOTIVATION
- needs don’t follow a hierarchy
- motivation may have many different drives (social, biological - not simply growth)
Overview of Self Determination Theory
- focuses on quality rather than quantity of motivation
- informed by a range of paradigms
- contains 6 mini theories
A-motivation
- Not determined by the self
- impersonal
-“I don’t know why I’m doing this”
Extrinsic motivation: External
Rewards and punishments
“I have no choice”
Extrinsic motivation: Introjected
- somewhat external
- self control, internal rewards and punishments
- “feel guilty if I don’t”
Extrinsic motivation: Identified
- Autonomous
- personal valuing and importance
- “it’s good for me”
Extrinsic motivation: Integrated
- Internal
- Congruence and awareness
- “It’s part of who I am”
Intrinsic Motivation
- Internal
- interest, enjoyment, inherent satisfaction
What are the three basic needs for optimal development?
- Autonomy (when, what and how much are you doing?)
- Competence (do you know what you’re doing/expectations)
- Relatedness (how are you connected to others?)
Achievement Goal Theory
Mastery Approach: learn and self improvement goals
VS
Performance Approach: outperform peers, receive extrinsic rewards, achieve superiority
Developing a mastery climate
T)ask - challenging and diverse but not impossible
A)uthority - provide choice and leadership roles
R)ecognition - development should be private and based on indiviudal progress
G)rouping - cooperative learning and peer interaction
E)valuation - based on mastery and learning
T)ime - time requirements should be adjusted to personal capabilities
What is the difference between emotion, mood and affect?
Emotion is an evaluative response (feeling). It often includes physiological arousal, subjective experience and behavioural expression
Mood is a long term emotional state (eg, baseline today is happy)
Affect is a pattern of observable behaviour
What are the 6 ‘universal emotions’
happy, sad, angry, fear, surprise, disgust
