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Psych 2 > PSYCH_CH 3 > Flashcards

PSYCH_CH 3 Flashcards

1
Q

coin

A

v. 杜撰（新词等）

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2
Q

synaptic

A

[sɪ’næptɪk]

adj. 突触的；（染色体）联合的

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3
Q

reflex

A

[‘riflɛks]
n. 反射；反映；映像；回复；习惯性思维
adj. 反射的；反省的；反作用的；优角的
[ 第三人称单数 reflexes 过去式 reflexed 过去分词 reflexed 现在分词 reflexing ]

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4
Q

stimuli

A

[‘stɪmjʊlaɪ] 美

n. 刺激；剌激物；促进因素（stimulus的复数）

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5
Q

reflex arc

A

[解剖] 反射弧

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6
Q

deduce

A

[dɪ’dʊs]
vt. 推论，推断；演绎出
[ 过去式 deduced 过去分词 deduced 现在分词 deducing ]

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7
Q

conduction

A

[kən’dʌkʃən]

n. [生理] 传导

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8
Q

slightly

A

[‘slaɪtli]

adv. 些微地，轻微地；纤细地

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9
Q

stimulus

A

[‘stɪmjələs]
n. 刺激；激励；刺激物
[ 复数 stimuluses或stimuli ]

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10
Q

spatial summation

A

[生理] 空间性总和

[生理] 空间总和

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11
Q

trigger

A

[‘trɪɡɚ]

vt. 引发，引起；触发
vi. 松开扳柄
n. 扳机；[电子] 触发器；制滑机
n. (Trigger)人名；(英)特里杰

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12
Q

graded potential

A

级量电位；分段电势

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13
Q

Excitatory postsynaptic potential

A

[生理] 兴奋性突触后电位

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14
Q

excitatory

A

[ɪk’saɪtət(ə)rɪ; ek-]

adj. 兴奋的；刺激性的

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15
Q

brake

A 
[brek] 
vi. 刹车
n. 闸，刹车；阻碍
vt. 刹车
n. (Brake)人名；(英)布雷克；(德)布拉克
[ 过去式 braked 过去分词 braked 现在分词 braking ]
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16
Q

firing

A

[‘faɪərɪŋ]

n. 开火；烧制；解雇；生火
v. 开火；烧制；解雇（fire的ing形式）；点燃；激励
n. (Firing)人名；(英)法尔林

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17
Q

despite

A

[dɪ’spaɪt]
prep. 尽管，不管
n. 轻视；憎恨；侮辱
[ 过去式 despited 过去分词 despited 现在分词 despiting ]

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18
Q

synaptic cleft

A

[解剖] 突触间隙；突触裂隙；突触裂（前突触和后突触神经元间的缺口或空间）

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19
Q

synaptic vesicle

A

突触泡

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20
Q

spherical

A

[‘sfɪərɪkəl]

adj. 球形的，球面的；天体的

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21
Q

neurotransmitter fragment

A

神经递质片段

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22
Q

Acetycholine

A

兴奋性递质(乙酰胆碱)

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23
Q

choline

A

[‘kolin]

n. [生化] 胆碱；维他命B复合体之一

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24
Q

serotonin

A

[,sɛrə’tonɪn]

n. [生化] 血清素；5-羟色胺（血管收缩素）

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25
Q

tryptophan

A

[‘trɪptə,fæn]

n. [生化] 色氨酸

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26
Q

exocytosis

A

[,ɛksosaɪ’tosɪs]

n. [细胞] 胞外分泌；炎细胞外涉

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27
Q

excretion

A

[ɛk’skriʃən]

n. 排泄，排泄物；分泌，分泌物

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28
Q

receptor site

A

受点，受体部位

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29
Q

diffuse

A 
[dɪ'fjus] 
adj. 弥漫的；散开的
vt. 扩散；传播；漫射
vi. 传播；四散
[ 过去式 diffused 过去分词 diffused 现在分词 diffusing ]
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30
Q

inactivate

A

[ɪn’æktə,vet]
vt. 使不活动；使不活泼；阻止活动
[ 过去式 inactivated 过去分词 inactivated 现在分词 inactivating ]

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31
Q

reuptake

A

[ri’ʌp,tek]

n. 再摄取；再吸收

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32
Q

endocytosis

A

[,ɛndosaɪ’tosɪs]
n. [细胞] 内吞作用
[ 复数 endocytoses ]

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33
Q

endocrine gland

A

n. [解剖] 内分泌腺

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34
Q

Pituitary

A

[pɪ’tuətɛri]
n. 垂体；脑垂体
adj. 脑垂体的；脑垂体分泌失调引起的
[ 复数 pituitaries ]

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35
Q

hypothalamus

A

[,haɪpə’θæləməs]
n. [解剖] 下丘脑
[ 复数 hypothalami ]

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36
Q

anterior pituitary

A

[解剖] 垂体前叶；脑下腺前叶

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37
Q

posterior pituitary

A

n. [解剖] 脑垂体后叶

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38
Q

extension

A

[ɪk’stɛnʃən]

n. 延长；延期；扩大；伸展；电话分机

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39
Q

vesicle

A

[‘vɛsɪkl]

n. 泡，囊；[医] 水疱

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40
Q

leak

A

[lik]

n. 泄漏；漏洞，裂缝
vt. 使渗漏，泄露
vi. 漏，渗；泄漏出去

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41
Q

breakdown

A

[‘brek’daʊn]

n. 故障；崩溃；分解；分类；衰弱；跺脚曳步舞

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42
Q

facilitate

A

[fə’sɪlə’tet]
vt. 促进；帮助；使容易
[ 过去式 facilitated 过去分词 facilitated 现在分词 facilitating ]

43
Q

inhibit

A

[ɪn’hɪbɪt]

vt. 抑制；禁止

44
Q

antagonistic

A

[æn,tæɡə’nɪstɪk]

adj. 敌对的；对抗性的；反对的

45
Q

agonist

A

[‘ægənɪst]

n. 收缩筋；兴奋剂

46
Q

mimic

A 
['mɪmɪk] 
vt. 模仿，摹拟
n. 效颦者，模仿者；仿制品；小丑
adj. 模仿的，模拟的；假装的
[ 过去式 mimicked 过去分词 mimicked 现在分词 mimicking ]
47
Q

affinity

A

[ə’fɪnəti]
n. 密切关系；吸引力；姻亲关系；类同
[ 复数 affinities ]

48
Q

bind

A 
[baɪnd] 
vi. 结合；装订；有约束力；过紧
vt. 绑；约束；装订；包扎；凝固
n. 捆绑；困境；讨厌的事情；植物的藤蔓
n. (Bind)人名；(德)宾德
[ 过去式 bound 过去分词 bound 现在分词 binding ]
49
Q

efficacy

A

[‘ɛfɪkəsi]
n. 功效，效力
[ 复数 efficacy, efficies或efficacy, efficacities ]

50
Q

abuse

A 
[ə'bjus] 
n. 滥用；虐待；辱骂；弊端；恶习，陋习
vt. 滥用；虐待；辱骂
n. (Abuse)人名；(英)阿比斯
[ 过去式 abused 过去分词 abused 现在分词 abusing ]
51
Q

dopamine

A

[‘dopəmin]

n. [生化] 多巴胺（一种治脑神经病的药物）

52
Q

nucleus accumbens

A

伏隔核

贝尔团队研究激活伏隔核（nucleus accumbens）是否会改变小鼠的暴食行为。伏隔核是奖赏系统的重要结构，与促进动机行为有关。

53
Q

subcortical

A

[,sʌb’kɔ:tikəl]

adj. 皮质下的；[心理] 皮层下的

54
Q

predominant

A

[prɪ’dɑmənənt]

adj. 主要的；卓越的；支配的；有力的；有影响的

55
Q

amphetamine

A

[æm’fɛtəmin]

n. 苯丙胺，安非他明（解除忧郁、疲劳的药）

56
Q

methylphenidate

A

[æm’fɛtəmin]

n. 苯丙胺，安非他明（解除忧郁、疲劳的药）

57
Q

Ritalin

A

[ri’tælin; rai-]

n. 盐酸哌醋甲酯；利他林（中枢兴奋药）

58
Q

MDMA

A

abbr. 二亚甲基双氧苯丙胺（methylene dioxymetham-phetamine）；摇头丸，快乐丸

59
Q

Ecstasy

A

‘ɛkstəsi]
n. 狂喜；入迷；忘形
[ 复数 ecstasies ]

60
Q

norepinephrine

A

[,nɔrɛpɪ’nɛfrin]

n. [生化][药] 去甲肾上腺素；降肾上腺素

61
Q

prescribe

A

[prɪ’skraɪb]
vi. 规定；开药方
vt. 规定；开处方
[ 过去式 prescribed 过去分词 prescribed 现在分词 prescribing ]

62
Q

ADD

A

注意缺失紊乱；注意力缺损/缺失症

63
Q

hallucinogenic

A

[hə,lu:sinə’dʒenik]

adj. 引起幻觉的；迷幻药的

64
Q

deficit

A

‘dɛfəsɪt]

n. 赤字；不足额

65
Q

skeletal

A

[‘skɛlətl]

adj. 骨骼的，像骨骼的；骸骨的；骨瘦如柴的

66
Q

opiate

A 
['opɪət] 
n. 鸦片制剂；麻醉剂；镇静剂
adj. 含鸦片的；安眠的
vt. 用鸦片麻醉；使缓和
[ 过去式 opiated 过去分词 opiated 现在分词 opiating ]
67
Q

derived

A

[dɪ’raɪv]

adj. 导出的；衍生的，派生的
v. 得到；推断（derive的过去分词）；由…而来

68
Q

opium

A

[‘opɪəm]

n. 鸦片；麻醉剂
adj. 鸦片的

69
Q

poppy

A

[‘pɑpi]
n. 罂粟花；罂粟属植物；深红色
adj. 罂粟科的
[ 复数 poppies ]

70
Q

relaxation

A

[‘rilæk’seʃən]

n. 放松；缓和；消遣

71
Q

morphine

A

[‘mɔrfin]

n. [毒物][药] 吗啡

72
Q

endorphin

A

[ɛn’dɔrfɪn]

n. 脑内啡

73
Q

GABA

A

氨基丁酸(Gamma Amino Acid Butyric Acid)

在抑制电路的背外侧前额叶皮层（DLPFC）在改变精神分裂症的信使核糖核酸

74
Q

exert

A

[ɪɡ’zɝt]

vt. 运用，发挥；施以影响

75
Q

attach

A

[ə’tætʃ]

vt. 使依附；贴上；系上；使依恋
vi. 附加；附属；伴随

76
Q

tetrahydrocannabinol

A

[,tetrə,haɪdrə(ʊ)’kænəbɪnɒl; -kə’næb-]

n. 四氢大麻酚，四氢大麻醇

77
Q

marijuana

A

[,mærə’wɑnə]

n. 大麻；大麻毒品

78
Q

cannabinoid

A

[kə’næbə,nɔɪd]

n. 大麻的化学成分（可指任何一种，如四氢大麻醇、大麻醇等）

79
Q

cerebral cortex

A

[解剖] 大脑皮层

80
Q

ganglia

A

[‘ɡæŋɡliə]

n. 神经节；神经中枢

81
Q

anandamide

A

n. 大麻素

82
Q

endogenous

A

[ɛn’dɑdʒənəs]

adj. [生物] 内生的；内因性的

83
Q

distorted

A

[dɪs’tɔrtɪd]

adj. 歪曲的；受到曲解的
v. 扭曲（distort的过去式和过去分词）

84
Q

duration

A

[du’reʃən]
n. 持续，持续的时间，期间
[语音学]音长，音延

85
Q

impair

A

[ɪm’pɛr]

vt. 损害；削弱；减少

86
Q

liver

A

[‘lɪvɚ]

n. 肝脏；生活者，居民

87
Q

enhance

A

[ɪn’hæns]
vt. 提高；加强；增加
[ 过去式 enhanced 过去分词 enhanced 现在分词 enhancing ]

88
Q

blockage

A

[‘blɑkɪdʒ]

n. 堵塞，堵塞；封锁；妨碍

89
Q

glutamate

A

[‘ɡlʊtə,met]

n. [生化] 谷氨酸盐；[生化] 谷氨酸酯

90
Q

likelihood

A

[‘laɪklɪhʊd]

n. 可能性，可能

91
Q

reinforcement

A

[,riɪn’fɔrsmənt]

n. 加固；增援；援军；加强

92
Q

impulsivity

A

n. 冲动；冲动性；易冲动

93
Q

prenatal

A

[,pri’netl]

adj. 产前的；胎儿期的；[医] 出生以前的

94
Q

exposure

A

[ɪk’spoʒɚ]

n. 暴露；曝光；揭露；陈列

95
Q

intoxication

A

[ɪn,tɑksə’keʃən]

n. [内科] 中毒；陶醉；喝醉

96
Q

amygdala

A

[ə’mɪɡdələ]
n. [解剖] 杏仁核；扁桃腺；苦巴旦杏
[ 复数 amygdalae ]

97
Q

craving

A

[‘krevɪŋ]

n. 渴望；热望
v. 渴望；恳求（crave的ing形式）

98
Q

prefrontal cortex

A

前额皮质

99
Q

revia

A

纳曲酮， 这种药物一般用于治疗酗酒和阻止你的大脑的一部分，具有一定的成瘾行为感到乐趣。

100
Q

naloxone

A

纳洛酮作为阿片受体拮抗剂一般应用于解除因麻醉性镇痛药所致呼吸抑制。近年来用该药治疗急性酒精中毒临床疗效显著，作用迅速。

101
Q

antabuse

A

[‘æntəbju:s]

n. 安塔布司；戒酒硫（用于治疗慢性醇中毒）

102
Q

disulfiram

A

[daɪ’sʌlfə,ræm]

n. 戒酒硫

103
Q

methadone

A

[‘mɛθə’don]

n. 美沙酮；美散痛

104
Q

Levomethadyl Acetate (LAAM)

A

左醋美沙朵

Legato应用可用性产品族LAAM(Legato Automated Availability Manager)，是一个监控和管理各种应用、服务器、网络界面可用性、并简化其操作的解决方案，可运行在各种操作系统平台之上。

Psych 2 (9 decks)

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