psychia Flashcards
(26 cards)
What is the primary focus in psychiatric nursing for schizophrenia?
To decrease symptoms of psychosis
Initial goal is symptom management.
What are the two major categories of mental illness?
- Neurosis
- Psychosis
What is the DSM-V criteria for schizophrenia?
Presence of at least two symptoms, one of which must be from the first set
Symptoms can include hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech, etc.
Fill in the blank: The term ‘dementia praecox’ is another name for _______.
[schizophrenia]
What are the risk factors for schizophrenia?
- Genetic predisposition
- Environmental factors
- Neurochemical imbalances
What is the etymology of the term ‘schizophrenia’?
‘schizo’ means split and ‘phrenia’ means mind
It refers to a split in thought processes.
True or False: Negative symptoms of schizophrenia include hallucinations.
False
Name three negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
- Avolition
- Alogia
- Anhedonia
What is the role of the clinician during the acute phase of schizophrenia?
Ensure safety of treatment
Clinician addresses pathologic symptoms.
What are the three types of antipsychotic medications?
- First Generation (FGA)
- Second Generation (SGA)
- Third Generation (TGA)
What is a common side effect of antipsychotic medications?
- Sexual dysfunction
- Extrapyramidal symptoms
- Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
What is the initial management step for Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS)?
Stop medications
NMS is characterized by muscle rigidity and fever.
Fill in the blank: The presence of fixed false beliefs is known as _______.
[delusions]
What are some types of delusions?
- Grandiose
- Nihilistic
- Persecutory
- Referential
What is the significance of the prodromal phase in schizophrenia?
It involves non-specific symptoms and is a crisis point
Early intervention can be crucial.
What are the four groups of extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS)?
- Acute Dystonia
- Akathisia
- Pseudoparkinsonism
- Tardive Dyskinesia
True or False: Tardive Dyskinesia is reversible.
False
What are the adverse effects of anticholinergic medications?
- Blurred vision
- Urinary retention
- Dry mouth
- Constipation
What does the term ‘waxy flexibility’ refer to?
A symptom where a person maintains a posture for a prolonged period
What is the primary goal of treatment for chronic schizophrenia?
Prevent relapse
Focus on rehabilitation and maintaining stability.
What is the role of the counselor in psychiatric nursing?
Provide advice and support to patients
They help navigate treatment options.
Fill in the blank: The drug class known as _______ is used to treat schizophrenia.
[antipsychotics]
What is the mechanism of action of antipsychotic medications?
Dopamine and serotonin antagonists
What are some positive symptoms of schizophrenia?
- Hallucinations
- Delusions
- Disorganized speech
