Psychiatry Flashcards
(33 cards)
What are the neurotransmitter changes in Alzheimer disease?
Decreased ACh
What are the neurotransmitter changes in Anxiety?
- Increased NE
- Decreased GABA and 5-HT
What are the neurotransmitter changes in Depression?
Decreased NE, 5-HT and DA
What are the neurotransmitter changes in Huntington disease?
- Increased DA
- Decreased GABA and ACh
What are the neurotransmitter changes in Parkinson disease?
- Increased ACh and 5-HT
- Decreased DA
What are the neurotransmitter changes in Schizophrenia?
Increased DA
Malingering
- Consciously attempts to deceive
- Chief goal is secondary gain like avoiding work, getting money
- Complaints stop after they get the gain
Factitious disorders
- Consciously attempts to deceive
- Chief goal is primary gain, attention
- Types = Munchausen and Munchausen by proxy
Somatic disorders
- Unconscious
- Physical symptoms without a clear cause
- More common in women
Somatic symptom disorder
Variety of complaints that last months to years, affecting one or more organ system
Sudden loss of sensory or motor function after an acute stressor, patient is aware but indifferent to the symptoms
Conversion disorder
What is the preferred treatment for ADHD?
Methylphenidate
What is the preferred treatment for Anxiety?
SSRI, SNRI or buspirone
What is the preferred treatment for bipolar disorder?
- Mood stabilizers = Lithium, valproic acid, carbamazepine
- Atypical antipsychotics
What is the preferred treatment for bulimia, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder, PTSD, and social phobias?
SSRIs = #1
What is the preferred treatment for schizophrenia and Tourette syndrome?
Antipsychotics
What are the two categories of the typical antipsychotics?
Low and High potency
What’s the mechanism of action of low potency typical antipsychotics?
- Block D2 receptors
- Block muscarinic receptors
- Block alpha 1 receptors
- Block histamine receptors
What are the common side effects of the low potency antipsychotics?
-Anticholinergic: Sedation, dry mouth, ileus, urinary retention
What are the 2 most common low potency typical antipsychotics?
- Chlorpromazine
2. Thioridazine
What are the 5 high potency typical antipsychotics?
- Haloperidol
- Fluphenazine
- Loxapine
- Thiothixine
- Trifluoperazine
What are the most common side effects of the high potency typical antipsychotics?
- Less Anticholinergic SE
- Extrapyramidal symptoms
- Tardive dyskinesia
- Neuroleptic malignant sydrome
What are the 5 major atypical antipsychotics?
- Olanzapine
- Quetiapine
- Risperidone
- Aripiprazole
- Clozapine
What are the side effects of atypical antipsychotics?
- Less EPS and Anti-ACh SE
2. Weight gain due to 5-HT blocking
