psychoactive Drugs & Addiction

Question 1

Psychoactive Drug

Answer 1

Is a chemical that changes our states of consciousness, and particularly our perception and moods

Question 2

Agonist

Answer 2

Drug that binds to receptors in the brain and activate the receptors they bind to

Question 3

Antagonists

Answer 3

Drugs that occupy receptors but do not activate them Antagonists block receptor activation by agonists

Question 4

Blood Brain Barrier

Answer 4

The blood-brain barrier serves a filter, controlling which molecules can pass from the blood into the brain

Question 5

Tolerance

Answer 5

Occurs when the body gets used to a medication so that either more medication is needed to give the desired effect, or a different medication is needed. Depending on the drug, tolerance can develop acutely, in a manner of days, or chronically, over a number of weeks or months

Question 6

Physical dependence

Answer 6

Occurs when people suffer from withdrawal symptoms, unpleasant and sometimes dangerous reactions that may occur when people who use a drug regularly stop taking or reduce their dosage of drug

Question 7

Psychological Dependence

Answer 7

Cognitive and emotional aspects of addictive behaviors or the withdrawal process from drugs

Question 8

Addiction

Answer 8

People who have a drug addiction sometimes experience compulsive, sometimes uncontrollable, craving for their drug of choice

Question 9

Rat Park Addiction

Question 10

Depressants

Answer 10

Slow the activity of the central nervous system. They reduce tension and inhibitions and may interfere with a person’s judgment, motor activity, and concentration

Question 11

Alcohol

Answer 11

Any beverage containing ethyl alcohol including beer, wine, and liquor

Question 12

Sedative Hypnotic Drugs

Answer 12

A drug used in low doses to reduce anxiety and in higher doses to help people sleep

Question 13

Opiods

Answer 13

Opium or any of the drugs derived from opium, including morphine, heroin, and codeine

Question 14

Barbiturates

Answer 14

Addictive sedative-hypnotic drugs that reduce anxiety and help people sleep

Question 15

Benzodiazepines

Answer 15

The most common group of anti-anxiety drugs, which includes Valium and Xanax

Question 16

Stimulantes

Answer 16

Substances that increase the activity of the central nervous system resulting in increased blood pressure and heart rate, more alertness, and sped-up behavior and thinking

Question 17

Caffeine

Answer 17

The world’s most widely used stimulant, most often consumed in coffee

Question 18

Amphetamines

Answer 18

A stimulant drug that is manufactured in a lab

Question 19

Methamphetamine

Answer 19

A powerful amphetamine drug, Illegal substance (crystal meth), super stimulant, effects, which can include eight hours or so of heightened energy and euphoria

Question 20

Cocaine

Answer 20

The most powerful natural stimulant known (central active ingredient of the coca plant, found in South America)

Question 21

Hallucinogens

Answer 21

A substance that causes powerful changes primarily in sensory perception, including strengthening perceptions and producing illusions and hallucinations. Is also called a Psychedelic drug

Question 22

LSD

Answer 22

Powerful synthetic hallucinogen drug; also known as acid

Question 23

Cannabis

Answer 23

Drugs produced from the variety of the hemp plant cannabis sativa. They cause a mixture of hallucinogenic, depressant, and stimulant effects. The higher the THC content, the more powerful the effects

Question 24

Biological Influences

Answer 24

Researchers have come to suspect that drug misuse may have biological causes

Question 25

Psychodynamic Views

Answer 25

Theorists believe that people with substance use disorders have powerful dependency needs that can be traced to their early years

Question 26

Sociocultural Influences

Answer 26

People are most likely to develop substance use disorders when they live under stressful socioeconomic conditions

Question 27

Behavioral Views

Answer 27

Operant conditioning may play a key role in substance use disorders. Temporary reduction of tension or raising of spirits produced by a drug has a rewarding effect, thus increasing the likelihood that the user will seek this reaction again

Question 28

Cognitive Views

Answer 28

Theorists agree that rewards eventually produce an expectancy that substance will be rewarding and this expectation helps motivate people to increase drug use at times of tension

Question 29

Withdrawal Day

Answer 29

24 hour period to feel the physiological effects of addiction and withdrawal