PSYCHOCRIMINOLOGY Chapter 4

Question 1

Is serious mental illness a DIRECT cause of crime?

Answer 1

NO.

Question 2

Mental illness.

Answer 2

Disease of the mind.

Question 3

Intellectual disability.

Answer 3

Limitations in cognitive capacity.

Question 4

Name 2 things the courts consider when it comes to people with mental disorders.

Answer 4

1. They are not crime prone.
2. These people still have criminal responsibility.

Question 5

4 categories of people most likely to contribute to crime:

Answer 5

• Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders.
• Bipolar disorder.
• Major depressive disorder.
• Antisocial personality disorder.

Question 6

When does schizophrenia generally begin?

Answer 6

Early in life.

Question 7

What do people associate schizophrenia with?

Answer 7

“crazy behaviour”

Question 8

Name 2 symptoms of schizophrenia.

Answer 8

Hallucinations; delusions.

Question 9

What is the most common type of hallucinations?

Answer 9

Hearing voices.

Question 10

5 characteristic symptoms of schizophrenia.

Answer 10

• delusions
• hallucinations
• disorganised speech
• grossly disorganised behaviour
• inappropriate affect

Question 11

Delusional disorder.

Answer 11

Mental disorder characterised by a system of false beliefs and delusions.

It has no psychotic symptoms.

Question 12

What is bipolar disorder?

Answer 12

Mood disorder characterised by alterations between a manic phase and a depressive phase.

Question 13

What type of disorder is bipolar disorder?

Answer 13

Mood disorder.

Question 14

2 types of bipolar disorders.

Answer 14

Bipolar I & Bipolar II.

Question 15

Is bipolar disorder implicated in crime?

Answer 15

No, but it increases the likelihood of participating in reckless behaviour that may lead to crime.

Question 16

What are the symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD) ?

Answer 16

• chronic emptiness
• hopelessness
• restlessness
• fatigue
• no interest in hobbies

Question 17

How long does extreme major depression symptoms last?

Answer 17

At least 2 weeks.

Question 18

Define antisocial personality disorder.

Answer 18

a disorder characterised by a history of behaviours by which the rights of others are violated.

Question 19

Conduct disorder.

Answer 19

A diagnostic label intended to identify children with habitual misbehaviour.

Question 20

Name a few symptoms of PTSD.

Answer 20

• flashbacks
• recurrent dreams or nightmares
• intrusive memories
• dissociative symptoms
• sleep disturbances
• easily startled
• difficulty concentrating
• excessive avoidance

Question 21

Name 2 dissociative disorders.

Answer 21

Dissociative Identity Disorder.

Dissociative Amnesia.

Question 22

Dissociative identity disorder (DID).

Answer 22

Multiple personality disorder.
Disorder in which many personalities coexist within the same body or mind.

Question 23

What do you call these different personalities?

Answer 23

“alters” or “alter egos”

Question 24

What occurs between alters?

Answer 24

• Quick switching
• Amnesia

Question 25

What was multiple personality disorder referred to?

Answer 25

"UFO of psychiatry"

Question 26

Define iatrogenic.

Answer 26

A process where a mental or physical disorder is unintentionally developed within a person by their clinician.

Question 27

List the 2 types of dissociative amnesia.

Answer 27

1. Localised/ limited amnesia. 2. Generalised amnesia.

Question 28

Name the 2 main FORMS of amnesia.

Answer 28

- retrograde amnesia - anterograde amnesia

Question 29

What is a large reason for violence by the serious mentally ill?

Answer 29

They stop taking or refuse to take their medications.

Question 30

What people are most likely to commit SUICIDE?

Answer 30

- bipolar disorder - major depression - schizophrenia

Question 31

What is a risk assessment instrument developed by the MacArthur Research Method?

Answer 31

The Multiple Iterative Classification Tree (ICT).

Question 32

Mental disorder most closely related to crime.

Answer 32

Schizophrenia.

Question 33

Most common disorders reported by inmates?

Answer 33

Major depression and psychotic disorders.

Question 34

What does the Tarasoff case address?

Answer 34

- Duty to warn - Duty to protect

Question 35

On who is risk assessments done?

Answer 35

People being released from prison/ institutions. They have a history of violence.

Question 36

On who is a threat assessment done?

Answer 36

On someone who has made a written or verbal threat.

Question 37

A threat assessment has 3 stages.

Answer 37

- identify - assess - manage

Question 38

What does threat management involve?

Answer 38

Intervention.

Question 39

Risk and Threat assessments serve the same purpose.

Answer 39

To manage the risk of violence.

Question 40

3 Approaches to risk assessment.

Answer 40

- Unstructured clinical - Structured professional judgment - Actuarial approach