psychodynamic approach Flashcards
(22 cards)
who made the psychodynamic approach
Sigmund Frued
what does the psychodynamic approach consist of ?
the structure of personality (ID , EGO and Superego)
defence mechanisms
the role of the unconscious
the psychosexual stages of development
where did the psychodynamic approach originate from?
the law of conservation, energy can only be moved or transformed not created or destroyed which is the idea of thermodynamics and sigmund freud applied this idea to humans and saw the mind as psychological energy - libido
who was freud first case study
Anna O
how did anna o contrubute to freuds theory?
edmonstrated the effectiveness of the “talking cure” in alleviating symptoms of hysteria, which Freud later interpreted as rooted in repressed unconscious conflicts. Anna O.’s case helped shape Freud’s understanding of the unconscious and the role of early childhood experiences in shaping adult personality.
what does the psychodynamic approach compare the mind too?
- an iceberg
how is mind repersented with the iceberg?
conscious mind is above the water on the tip of the iceberg
the preconscious mind is a little bit submerged under water
and the unconscious mind is fully submerged under water
what is meant by the preconscious mind
thoughts that may become conscious at some points for example through dreams and slips of the tongue (freuderian slip)
what is meant by the conscious mind
what we are aware of at any one time
what is meant by the unconscious mind
- the part of the mind that we are unaware of
which of the three:
preconscious, conscious and unconscious are the most important to freud
freud states that the unconscious mind is the most signifcant part that in influencing and shaping our behaviour
what are the key roles of the unconscious mind?
the driving, motivating force behind our behaviour and personality
it contains our biological instincts and drives
the instincts include survival and sexual instincts including aggression and childhood memories
protects the conscious self from trauma and conflict
what is the structure of personality?
what is the fancy name?
the ID the ego and supergo
the tripartite structure of personality
what is the ID known as ?
the ID is known as the pleasure principle
it is present at birth
demands instant gratification /satisifaction
it drives you to act on your desires and pleasures without restraint eg food, comfort and sex (survival and sexual instincts ) also described as psychic energy - libido
what is the super ego
it is known as the morality principle
it supresses the unacceptable urges of the ID
develops at around 4/5 years around the phallic stage of development
represents morals , ideals and standards that we have internalised from parents , society and other important figures in out life
it acts as the conscience / guilt and moral guide
what is the ego?
this is the reality principle
it develops after the ID
it reduces conflict between the id and the supergo acting as the mediator
what happens if either the supergo or id is dominant
- it can lead to anxiety and other psychological unhealthy states
dominant id- highly impulsive and lack self control
dominant super ego - judgmental , highly anxiously and self critical to meet the high moral demands of the supergo
what are the psychosexual stages of development and how is it made?
- they suggested that personality development took place in a series of 5 stages
-oral
- anal
-phallic
-latency
-genital
old aged people like gardening
what is meant by fixated
- individual becomes stuck at a particular stage due to an unresolved conflict and one of the stages
make sure you rewatch the video for
psychosexual stages
what is meant by defence mechanisms
unconscious resources used by the ego to manage the conflict between the ID and the supergo, to protect the conscious mind from trauma
what are the defence mechanisms
repression
- when a distressing memory if forced out the
conscious mind into the conscious mind
denial
- to refuse to acknowledge some parts of reality to avoid having to deal with negative painful feelings
displacement - when you transfer feelings from the true source of distressing emotions onto a substitute target , redirecting thoughts , emotion and feelings as they feel they cannot express them in the presence of the person they should be directing it towards
