Psychodynamic approach

Question 1

The mind is like…

Answer 1

an iceberg

Question 2

conscious mind

Answer 2

The part we are aware of

Question 3

What is most of our mind made up of?

Answer 3

The unconscious mind

Question 4

Unconscious mind

Answer 4

Contains biological drives and instincts which influence our behaviour and personality

Question 5

What does the unconscious mind contain?

Answer 5

Threatening/ disturbing memories which have been suppressed

Question 6

Preconscious mind

Answer 6

Just under the surface

Question 7

What does the preconscious mind contain?

Answer 7

Thoughts and feelings we might become aware of in dreams and slips of the tongue - parapraxes / Freudian slip

Question 8

What is the personality

Answer 8

A tripartite

Question 9

The Id

Answer 9

The primitive part of our personality which operates on the pleasure principle.

Question 10

Which personality is present at birth?

Answer 10

The id - selfish - instant gratification

Question 11

The ego

Answer 11

Works on the reality principle - the mediator between the the id and superego

Question 12

What does the ego do?

Answer 12

Reduces conflict between the id and superego and employs defence mechanisms

Question 13

What age does the ego dveelop?

Answer 13

Around age 2

Question 14

The superego

Answer 14

Based on the morality principle

Question 15

What does the superego represent?

Answer 15

moral standards of childrens same sex parent - punishes the ego for wrongdoing

Question 16

What age does the supergo develop?

Answer 16

around 5

Question 17

how many stages does child development occur in?

Answer 17

5

Question 18

What are the 5 stages of child development?

Answer 18

Oral
Anal
Phallic
Latency
Genital

Question 19

What must a child do at each stage of the psychosexual stages?

Answer 19

The child must resolve the conflict of each stage to progress successfully to the next

Question 20

What happens if a psychosexual stage is left unresolved?

Answer 20

Leads to fixation - child becomes ‘stuck’ and carries out certain behaviours and conflicts associated with that stage through adult life

Question 21

what age is the Oral Stage?

Answer 21

0 - 1

Question 22

What age is the anal stage?

Answer 22

1 - 3

Question 23

What age is the phallic stage?

Answer 23

3 - 6

Question 24

What age is the latency stage?

Answer 24

6 - 12

Question 25

What age is the genital stage?

Answer 25

12+

Question 26

What focus of libido is the anal stage?

Answer 26

Tongue, mouth, lips

Question 27

What focus of libido is the anal stage?

Answer 27

anus

Question 28

What focus of libido is the phallic stage?

Answer 28

genitals

Question 29

What focus of libido is the latency stage?

Answer 29

none

Question 30

What focus of libido is the genital stage?

Answer 30

genital

Question 31

What is the major development in the oral stage?

Answer 31

Weaning off of breast feeding or formula

Question 32

What is the major development in the anal stage?

Answer 32

Toilet training

Question 33

What is the major development in the phallic stage?

Answer 33

Resolving oedipus/ electra complex

Question 34

What is the major development in the latency stage?

Answer 34

Developing defence mechanisms

Question 35

What is the major development in the genital stage?

Answer 35

Reaching full sexual maturity

Question 36

Adult fixation example for oral stage

Answer 36

smoking, overeating

Question 37

Adult fixation example for anal stage

Answer 37

orderliness, messiness

Question 38

Adult fixation example for phallic stage

Answer 38

Deviancy, sexual dysfunction

Question 39

Adult fixation example for latency stage

Answer 39

None

Question 40

Adult fixation example for genital stage

Answer 40

If all stages completed successfully then the person should be sexually matured and mentally healthy

Question 41

What happens to boys during the phallic stage?

Answer 41

Boys develop incestuous feelings towards their mother and murderous hatred towards their fathers

Question 42

What do boys fear in the phallic stage?

Answer 42

Their fathers will castrate them

Question 43

How do boys resolve the conflict during the Oedipus complex?

Answer 43

Repress feelings for their mother and identify with their father taking on his gender roles and moral values

Question 44

What do girls experience in the phallic stage?

Answer 44

Penis envy

Question 45

What do girls desire in the phallic stage

Answer 45

Their father and hate their mother

Question 46

What happens over time to girls during the phallic stage?

Answer 46

They give up the desire for their father and replace desire for a penis with desire for a baby - identifying with their mother

Question 47

Strengths of the psychodynamic approach

Answer 47

- Explanatory power - the psychodynamic approach has been used to explain a wide range of phenomena which gives the approach validity. - Practical application - Freud created psychoanalysis

Question 48

Psychodynamic limitations

Answer 48

- Untestable concepts - Popper said that the psychodynamic approach = falsifiable - you cannot test the approach due to most of the approach said to take place in the subconscious. - Psychic determinism - No accidents, even freudian slips = driven by unconscious conflicts rooted in childhood - free will = an illusion

Question 49

What are the three defence mechanisms?

Answer 49

Displacement Repression Denial

Question 50

What is displacement?

Answer 50

When a negative impulse is forwarded onto something else.

Question 51

What is repression?

Answer 51

When a person pushes down feelings they don’t want/like.

Question 52

What is denial?

Answer 52

When a person ignore/ blocks certain events/ realities from their mind.