Psychodynamic approach (2)

Question 1

State the five psychosexual stages in order

Answer 1

1. oral (0-1 years)
2. anal (1-3 years)
3. phallic (3-5 years)
4. latency (5-puberty)
5. genital (puberty-death)

Question 2

State the conflict and consequences of this conflict not being resolved in the oral stage

Answer 2

• conflicts= forceful feeding, deprivation or early weaning
• consequences of fixation=
  oral fixation- smoking, chewing pens and fingernails, overeating and drinking, sarcasm and verbal hostility

Question 3

State the conflict and consequences of this conflict not being resolved in the ana stage

Answer 3

• conflicts= too harsh or too lax during toilet training
• consequences of fixation-
  1. too harsh= anally retentive personality- obsessive, tidy, neat
  2. too lax= anally expulsive personality- sloppiness, disorganised, defiant, reckless and excessive generosity

Question 4

State the conflict and consequences of this conflict not being resolved in the phallic stage

Answer 4

-conflicts= abnormal family set up leading to unusual relationship with mother or father
-consequences of fixation= phallic personality- narcissistic, reckless and possibly homosexual

Question 5

State the conflict and consequences of this conflict not being resolved in the latency stage

Answer 5

-conflicts= interacting with the same sex
-consequences- n/a

Question 6

State the conflict and consequences of this conflict not being resolved in the genital stage

Answer 6

-conflicts= establishing intimate relationships with opposite sex
-consequences of fixation= fixation at this stage is what should happen and indicates and well-adjusted adult

Question 7

In which stage does the Oedipus and Electra complex occur

Answer 7

The phallic stage

Question 8

Which gender experiences the Oedipus and which experiences the Electra

Answer 8

Oedipus complex- boys
Electra complex- girls

Question 9

What is the Oedipus complex

Answer 9

• boys develop a sexual desire for their mother and so see their father as a rival and feel hatred towards them
• fearing that their father will castrate them, boys repress their feelings for their mother and identify with their father
• they internalise their gender role and moral values

Question 10

What is the Electra complex

Answer 10

• girls experience penis envy- they desire their father as the penis is the primary love object, and hate their mother
• girls then give up the desire for their father over time and replace this with a desire for a baby (identifying with their mother in the process)

Question 11

Name and describe the case study which shows support for the Oedipus complex

Answer 11

Little Hans
- had a severe phobia of white horses with black bits around their mouth and wearing blinkers
- Freud interpreted this phobia as a form of displacement in which his repressed fear of his father was transferred to horses