Psychodynamic Psychotherapies

Question 1

Four Shared Assumptions

Answer 1

1) Human bx is motivated largely by unconscious processes;
2) Early development has profound impact on adult functioning;
3) Universal principles explain personality dev. and bx; and
4) Insight into unconscious processes is a key component of therapy

Question 2

Id

Answer 2

Present at birth
Person’s life and death instincts;
Operates on the pleasure principle
Seeks immediate gratification

Question 3

Ego

Answer 3

Present at 6 months
Operates on the reality principle
Defers gratification
Characterized by realistic, rational thinking and planning

Question 4

Super-ego

Answer 4

Present at 4-5 years
Internalization of society’s values and standards
Attempts to permanently block the Id’s socially unacceptable impulses

Question 5

List the five Freudian psychosexual stages

Answer 5

Oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital

Question 6

According to Freud, libido is

Answer 6

sexual energy

Question 7

Freud described anxiety as:

Answer 7

An unpleasant feeling linked with excitement of the the autonomic nervous system and its function is to alert the ego to an impending internal or external threat

Question 8

What is the source of Freudian defense mechanisms

Answer 8

When the ego is unable to ward off danger through rational, realistic means

Question 9

Freudian defense mechanisms serve to

Answer 9

Deny and/or distort reality

Question 10

Freud’s most basic defense mechanism is

Answer 10

Repression

Question 11

Freudian reaction formation involves

Answer 11

Avoiding an anxiety-evoking impulse by expressing the opposite.

Question 12

Freudian projection is when a

Answer 12

threatening impulse is attributed to another person or other external source

Question 13

Freud viewed maladaptive bx as stemming from?

Answer 13

unconscious, unresolved conflict from childhood

Question 14

Goal of Freudian psychotherapy is to:

Answer 14

reduce or eliminate sxs by bringing the unconscious into conscious awareness and integrating previously repressed material

Question 15

List the primary techniques of Psychoanalysis

Answer 15

Free association, dreams, resistance, and transference

Question 16

Psychoanalysis therapeutic techniques combine:

Answer 16

confrontation, clarification, interpretation, and working through

Question 17

Psychoanalytic confrontation entails

Answer 17

making statements that help the client see his bx in a new way

Question 18

Psychoanalytic Clarification involves

Answer 18

clarifying the client’s feelings and restating his remarks in clearer terms

Question 19

Psychoanalytic Interpretation involves

Answer 19

more explicitly connecting current bx to unconscious processes

Question 20

Improvement through psychoanalysis is attributed to what three factors?

Answer 20

Catharsis, Insight, and Working through

Question 21

According to Adler, a teleological approach to therapy regards bx as?

Answer 21

Being largely motivated by a person’s future goals rather than determined by past events

Question 22

What is the primary difference between Adler’s view of healthy and unhealthy styles of life?

Answer 22

Social interest

Question 23

A healthy style of life is marked by goals that reflect what three factors?

Answer 23

optimism, confidence, and concern about the welfare of others

Question 24

A mistaken (unhealthy) style of life is marked by goals that reflect what three factors?

Answer 24

self-centeredness, competitiveness, and striving for personal control

Question 25

Adlerians view mental disorders as representing what?

Answer 25

A mistaken style of life

Question 26

Adlerian psychotherapy entails what two processes?

Answer 26

collaborative relationship and reorienting the client's beliefs and goals to a more adaptive lifestyle

Question 27

Adlerians use ___________ to gather information about a client's family constellation, fictional goals, and basic mistakes?

Answer 27

Lifestyle Investigation

Question 28

Adler viewed the misbx of children as being due to what four specific factors?

Answer 28

attention, power, revenge, or display deficiency

Question 29

Jung's view of libido differs from Freud's in that Jung defined libido as

Answer 29

psychic energy

Question 30

Jung viewed personality as the consequence of _______ and _______ factors

Answer 30

unconscious and conscious

Question 31

What theory involves the term collective unconscious?

Answer 31

Jung's Analytical Psychotherapy

Question 32

Jung's concept of individuation refers to ____

Answer 32

an integration of the conscious and unconscious aspects of the psyche

Question 33

An important outcome of individuation, according to Jung, is ______

Answer 33

Wisdom

Question 34

Jungian perspective on maladaptive bx suggests sxs are ______

Answer 34

Unconscious messages to the individual that something is awry with him and a specific task is needing to be fulfilled to reach resolution.

Question 35

The primary goals of Jungian therapy include

Answer 35

bridging the gap between conscious and the person's collective unconscious

Question 36

The development of object relations occurs during what phase of development?

Answer 36

separation-individuation phase

Question 37

What are the four overlapping subphases of separation-individual phase of development

Answer 37

differentiation, practicing, reapproachement, and object constancy

Question 38

Object relationists view maladaptive bx as being the result of?

Answer 38

abnormalities in early object relations

Question 39

The primary goal of object relations therapy is to?

Answer 39

provide the client with support, acceptance, and other conditions that restore their ability to relate to others in meaningful and realistic ways.