psychodynamic theories (individualistic) Flashcards
(12 cards)
what is psychoanalysis theory?
(sigmund freud)
early childhood experiences determine our personality and future behaviour. (the ID, the ego, the super ego)
what is the ID?
contains the selfish, pleasure seeking needs, blind desire to satisfy the needs at any cost.
(pleasure principle)
leading to antisocial or criminal behaviour.
what is the super ego?
contains conscience or moral rules, which we develop through our interactions with parents and others in early life.
what is the ego?
the struggle between our ID and super ego, its job is to find a balance between the two.
what can a weakly developed super ego lead to?
the individual will feel less guilt, leading to them acting on the ID more.
what can too harsh of an super ego lead to?
deep guilt, meaning they feel they need to be punished, causing them to commit crimes.
what can a deviant super ego lead to?
this is when a child is socialised but into a bad or deviant moral code, giving them the wrong views on what’s right or wrong.
the strengths of psychoanalysis?
shows us the importance of upbringing being positive in order to reduce chance of individuals committing crimes.
what is maternal deprivation theory? (Bowlby)
argues that there is a link between maternal deprivation and deviant or antisocial behaviour.
states that a child needs a close relationship with a primary carer from birth to 5 years old to develop normally.
what study backs up maternal deprivation theory?
study done on juvenile thieves that showed 39% of them had suffered from maternal deprivation, compared to a control group of non delinquents that only 5% had experienced maternal deprivation.
what is a strength of maternal deprivation theory?
showed how vital the role of a parent parent can be in preventing criminality.
what is a weakness of maternal deprivation theory?
cannot be the main factor or explain criminality by itself due to only 39% of the thieves experiencing maternal deprivation.
