Psycholinguistics Flashcards
(25 cards)
What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative research?
Qualitative research examines characteristics, patterns, sequences using non-numeric data. Quantitative research involves quantifying observations and analyzing numerical data.
What are some key characteristics of a good research question?
A good research question should be clear, feasible, focused, and operationalizable within the given timeframe and resources.
Differentiate between generalizability and individual patterns in research.
Generalizability refers to applying findings to a larger population, while individual patterns focus on a single case.
Explain within-participant and between-participant designs.
Within-participant compares conditions within the same group. Between-participant compares different groups.
What are the two main perspectives in studying bilingualism?
As an individual possession (cognitive effects) and as a social practice (language use).
Why is interdisciplinary collaboration important in bilingualism research?
It allows combining methods from linguistics, psychology, education, etc. to provide a comprehensive understanding.
What are the key components of quantitative research?
Variables, values, hypotheses, and significance testing to evaluate patterns and relationships.
List the three types of quantitative studies based on objectives
Exploratory, descriptive, and explanatory.
What are the fundamental issues in quantitative research?
Representativeness, validity, reliability, and generalizability.
How do mixed methods combine quantitative and qualitative approaches?
Mixed methods research combines quantitative and qualitative approaches to provide a comprehensive understanding.
Differentiate between hypotheses and predictions.
Hypotheses state the expected relationship between variables, while predictions indicate the anticipated outcome if the hypothesis is correct.
Explain lexical links and conceptual links in language processing.
Lexical links connect words in different languages, while conceptual links connect concepts to language representations.
What is eye-tracking used for in psycholinguistic research?
Eye-tracking measures eye movements and fixations during reading or scene viewing, providing insights into attention and processing.
How do event-related potentials (ERPs) contribute to understanding language processing?
ERPs record brain activity time-locked to linguistic stimuli, reflecting cognitive processes.
What aspects should be considered in the design of psycholinguistic experiments?
Ethics, study design, participant characteristics, tasks, and experimental items.
Define independent and dependent variables.
Independent variables are manipulated by the researcher, while dependent variables are measured to assess the effect.
What are confounding variables?
Confounding variables are not controlled and may influence the relationship between independent and dependent variables.
Distinguish between categorical and continuous variables.
Categorical variables are divided into distinct groups, while continuous variables can take any value within a range.
How do between-participant and within-participant designs differ?
Between-participant exposes different groups to different conditions. Within-participant exposes the same group to all conditions.
What is internal validity and external validity?
Internal validity refers to attributing effects to the independent variable. External validity concerns generalizability.
What is meant by reliability in research?
Reliability refers to the consistency and replicability of measurements.
Differentiate between descriptive and inferential statistics.
Descriptive statistics summarize data, while inferential statistics draw conclusions about populations from sample data.
What steps are involved in data cleaning and screening?
Data cleaning and screening involve handling errors, missing values, and outliers before analysis.
Why is it important to check assumptions of statistical tests?
Assumptions like normality and homogeneity of variance should be checked before conducting inferential analyses.
