Psychological and physiological changes in Pregnancy Flashcards

(78 cards)

1
Q

give 4 PSYCHOLOGICAL CHANGES OF PREGNANCY

A

 Cultural Influences
 Social influences
 Family influences
 Individual Influences

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2
Q

view pregnancy as a time of health.

EBP caused complications of pregnancy

A

Social Influences

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3
Q

give examples of

Cultural Influences

A

➜beliefs that lifting your arms over your head will cause the cord to twist
➜ that watching a lunar eclipse will cause birth deformities

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4
Q

supporting beliefs, tradition, and culture

A

Cultural Influences

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5
Q

how can a woman have positive attitude toward her pregnancy

A

If she and her siblings were loved and seen as the pleasant outcome of a happy marriage

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6
Q

she will not be overjoyed to find herself pregnant if all she has heard

A

stories about excruciating pain and endless suffering in labor

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7
Q

when will a woman have difficulty loving and accepting fetus

A

If a woman has difficulty loving others because she did not receive love as a child,

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8
Q

A woman’s ability to cope with or adapt to stress plays a major role in how she will resolve conflict and adapt to the new life contingencies that are coming.

A

Individual Influences

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9
Q

ability to cope with or adapt to stress plays a major role in how she will

A

resolve conflict and adapt to the new life contingencies that are coming.

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10
Q

examples of Individual Influences

A

taking away her freedom.

she will lose her looks.

rob her financially and ruin her chances of job promotion

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11
Q

Woman and partner both spend time recovering from shock of learning they are pregnant and concentrate on what it feels like to be pregnant. A common reaction is ambivalence, or feeling both pleased and not pleased about
the pregnancy

A

First Trimester Task: Accepting

the pregnancy

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12
Q

A common reaction in First Trimester Task: Accepting

the pregnancy

A

ambivalence

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13
Q

what is ambivalence

A

feeling both pleased and not pleased about

the pregnancy.

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14
Q

Woman and partner move through emotions such as narcissism and introversion as they concentrate on what it will feel like to be a parent. Roleplaying and increased
dreaming are common

A

Second Trimester Task: Accepting

the baby

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15
Q

what is common in Second Trimester Task: Accepting

the baby

A

Roleplaying and increased

dreaming are common.

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16
Q

Woman and partner the baby and end of pregnancy
prepare clothing and
sleeping arrangements for the baby but also grow impatient with pregnancy as they ready themselves for
birth.

A

Third Trimester

Task: Preparing for the baby and end of pregnancy

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17
Q

when does anticipation and concern related to fears and fantasies about the pregnancy occur?

A

First Trimester: Accepting the Pregnancy

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18
Q

usually increased maternal feelings of physical and emotional well-being

A

Second trimester - ACCEPTING THE BABY

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19
Q

mother is often described as self-absorbed and introverted

A

Second trimester - ACCEPTING THE BABY

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20
Q

the first moment a woman feels fetal movement.

A

Quickening

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21
Q

what would happen until the woman experiences for herself this quickening or proof of the child’s existence

A

she may think of the life inside her as an integral part of herself rather than as a separate entity

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22
Q

how to accept the baby?

A

Quickening

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23
Q

when will the baby be welcomed as an addition to the family?

A

until labor has begun or after several hours of labor

the moment a woman first
hears her baby’s cry or first touches or feeds her newborn

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24
Q

possible new fears related to labor and delivery

A

Third Trimester: Preparing for Parenthood

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25
fantasies about the appearance of the baby
Third Trimester: Preparing for Parenthood
26
feelings of awkwardness, clumsiness
Third Trimester: Preparing for Parenthood
27
decreased femininity related to changes in | body image
Third Trimester: Preparing for Parenthood
28
examples of “nestbuilding” activities
- planning the infant’s sleeping arrangements - buying clothes, - choosing a name for the infant, - “ensuring safe passage” by learning about birth.
29
what is the couple interested in at Third Trimester: Preparing for Parenthood?
attending prenatal classes or preparation for childbirth classes
30
Give 10 Emotional Responses
1. Ambivalence 2. Grief 3. Narcissism 4. Introversion Versus Extroversion 5. Body Image and Boundary 6. Stress 7. Couvade Syndrome 8. Emotional Lability 9. Changes in Sexual Desire 10. Changes in the Expectant Family
31
-feeling both pleased and not pleased about | the pregnancy
Ambivalence
32
-before a woman can take on a mothering role, she has to give up or alter her present roles. ✅She will never be a daughter in exactly the same way again. ✅She will never be as irresponsible and carefree as she is now again. ✅She will not even sleep soundly for the next 18 years.
Grief
33
generally an early reaction to pregnancy.
Narcissism
34
suddenly begins to concentrate on these aspects of her life: - A woman who previously was barely conscious of her body - who dressed in the morning with little thought about what to wear, - who was unconcerned about her posture or her weight
Narcissism
35
``` She may resent casual remarks such as, “Oh my, you’ve gained weight” =(a threat to her appearance) “You don’t like milk?” =(a threat to her judgment). ```
Narcissism
36
turning inward to concentrate on oneself and one’s body
Introversion
37
become more active, appear healthier than ever before and are more outgoing
extroverted
38
the way your body appears to yourself
Body image
39
a zone of separation you perceive between yourself and objects or other people
-boundary
40
she begins to see herself becoming “bigger” | -This change in body image is part of the basis for?
narcissism and introversion
41
experience physical symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and backache to the same degree or even more intensely than their partners during a pregnancy
Couvade Syndrome
42
Why does Couvade Syndrome happen?
result from stress, anxiety, and empathy for the pregnant woman
43
-Mood changes
Emotional Lability
44
Most parents are aware that their older children need preparation when a new baby is on the way
Changes in the Expectant Family
45
-Both preschool and school-age children may need to be reassured periodically during pregnancy that a new baby will be an addition to the family and will not replace them in their parents’ affection.
Changes in the Expectant Family
46
3 DIAGNOSIS OF PREGNANCY
A.Presumptive Signs of Pregnancy B.Probable Signs of Pregnancy C.Positive Signs of Pregnancy
47
➜ discussed in connection with the body system in which they occur, ➜are experienced by the woman but cannot be documented by an examiner
Presumptive Signs of Pregnancy
48
➜subjective | ➜coming from the px
Presumptive Signs of Pregnancy
49
11 Probable Signs of Pregnancy
1. Laboratory Tests 2. Home Pregnancy Tests 3. Chadwick’s sign ( 6th week ) 4. Goodell’s sign ( 6th week ) 5. Hegar’s sign ( 6th week ) 6. Ballottement ( 16th week ) 7. Braxton Hicks contractions ( 20th week ) 8. Fetal outline felt by examiner ( 20th week ) 9. Uterine souffle 10. Sonographic Evidence 11. Pregnancy test
50
Tests of blood serum reveal the presence of human chorionic gonadotropin hormone (hCG) (1st week)
Serum laboratory tests
51
Color change of the vagina from | pink to violet
Chadwick’s sign
52
Softening of the cervix
Goodell’s sign
53
Softening of the lower uterine segment
Hegar’s sign
54
uses 1 finger= presses symphysis pubis = fetus floats from amniotic fluid
Ballottement
55
➜Periodic uterine tightening occurs. | ➜”false labor pains”
Braxton Hicks contractions
56
Fetal outline can be palpated through abdomen.
Fetal outline felt by examiner
57
swishing sounds instead of fetal heart rate
Uterine souffle
58
gestational sacking develops
Sonographic Evidence
59
3 Positive Signs of Pregnancy
1. Fetal Heart 2. Fetal Movements 3. Visualization of Fetus by Ultrasound
60
uterine growth is due to formation of
few new muscle fibers in the uterine myometrium
61
why does the uterus increase in size
accommodate the growing fetus
62
changes in size, structure, and position to become a thin-walled, muscular abdominal organ capable of containing the fetus, placenta, and amniotic fluid
A.Uterine Changes
63
➜the fetal head settles into the pelvis to prepare for birth, and the uterus returns to the height it was at 36 weeks ➜woman’s breathing is so much easier it seems to lighten a woman’s load
Lightening
64
describe what happens in Lightening
➜the fetal head settles into the pelvis to prepare for birth, and the uterus returns to the height it was at 36 weeks ➜woman’s breathing is so much easier it seems to lighten a woman’s load
65
probable signs of pregnancy in uterine changes
Hegar’s sign ballottement Braxton Hicks contractions
66
extreme softening of the lower uterine segment
Hegar’s sign
67
ballottement occurs when?
16th to 20th week of pregnancy
68
lower uterine segment is tapped sharply by the lower hand, the fetus can be felt to bounce or rise in the amniotic fluid up against the top examining hand.
ballottement-
69
Braxton Hicks contractions occurs when?
12th week
70
absence of menstruation
B.Amenorrhea
71
how does Amenorrhea occur?
because of the suppression of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) by rising estrogen levels.
72
describe 2 changes that happens in the cervix during pregnancy
➜Increased fluid between cells causes it to soften in consistency ➜increased vascularity causes it to darken from a pale pink to a violet hue.
73
mucous plug
operculum
74
what does an operculum do?
acts to seal out bacteria during pregnancy and therefore helps prevent infection in the fetus and membranes
75
probable sign in cervical changes
Goodell’s sign--Softening of the cervix in pregnancy
76
consistency of nonpregnant cervix
nose
77
consistency of pregnant cervix
earlobe
78
Cervical Changes Increased friability
bleeds easily after Pap smear and intercourse