Psychological disorders Flashcards
(20 cards)
Schizophrenia
Positive: delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, disorganized behavior
Negative: disturbance of affect, avolition
Experimental design
Participants randomly assigned to groups
Nonexperimental design
Observational/ case study. Doesn’t specifically compare groups
Quasi-experimental design
Systematic comparison between groups that are not randomly assigned
Internal validity
How well the study runs in terms of research design, operational definitions, how variables are measuresd
External validity
Extent to which the results of a study can be generalized to a larger population. Randomization is an example
Monoamine theory of depression
Mood disorders are associated with decreased activity of dopamine, serotonin, norepi. Applies to all depressive disorders and all ages and genders.
Conversion disorder
Neurological symptoms without medical cause
Somatization disorder
Long-term condition characterized by physical symptoms in more than one part of the body, without physical cause
Schizophrenia is highly correlated with overly abundant ___ activity in the brain
Dopamine
Older maternal age is a ___ (protective/destructive) factor
protective. Younger mothers can have difficulty managing stress
Nucleus accumbens
Significantly involved in motivation and pleasure
Affective component of behavior
emotions and feelings towards attitude object
behavioral component of attitude
what a person “thinks” about the attitude object
behavioral component of attitude
The way in which an attitude affects behavior
Elaboration likelihood model of persuasion
How attitudes form and change based on characteristics of message (target, message, source characteristics) and the individual’s level of involvement with the message. (high interest and motivation for it, then he will process it along the central route, which leads to deep processing and formation of strong, enduring attitude)
Theory of reasoned action
individual’s intention, or cognitive readiness, to perform a behavior is a function of his or her attitude and perception of the subjective norms related to the behavior
Ways humans reduce cognitive dissonance
- Acquire new info, cognitions, attitudes
- Reduce importance of conflicting cognition or attitude
- Modify/deny conflicting cognition/ attitude
- Change the conflicting cognition attitude behavior altogether
t value is used to analyze
- group’s performance versus chance or
2. two groups’ differences
Chi square analyzes
group’s behavior compared to what would be predicted by chance
