Psychological Testing And Assessment

Question 1

Who published a test in 1905 to help place Paris schoolchildren in appropriate classes?

Answer 1

Alfred Binet

Question 2

What was a primary need for psychological testing during World War I?

Answer 2

To screen large numbers of recruits quickly for intellectual and emotional problems

Question 3

Define psychological testing.

Answer 3

Process of measuring psychology-related variables by means of devices or procedures designed to obtain a sample of behavior

Question 4

What is the main use of psychological testing?

Answer 4

To evaluate individual differences or variations among individuals

Question 5

What is the outcome of psychological testing?

Answer 5

Yields a score or series of test scores

Question 6

What is the objective of psychological assessment?

Answer 6

To answer a referral question

Question 7

List the tools used in psychological assessment.

Answer 7

• Tests
• Interviews
• Case studies
• Behavioral observation
• Specially designed apparatuses and measurement procedures

Question 8

What is ecological momentary assessment (EMA)?

Answer 8

In the moment evaluation of specific problems and related cognitive and behavioral variables at the very time and place that they occur

Question 9

What is collaborative psychological assessment?

Answer 9

Assessor and assessee work as ‘partners’ from initial contact through final feedback

Question 10

What is the purpose of therapeutic psychological assessment?

Answer 10

Encourages therapeutic self-discovery and new understandings throughout the assessment process

Question 11

Define psychometrics.

Answer 11

Science of psychological measurement

Question 12

What type of test measures or evaluates previous learning?

Answer 12

Achievement test

Question 13

What do intelligence tests measure?

Answer 13

A person’s general potential to solve problems, adapt to changing circumstances, think abstractly, and profit from experience

Question 14

What distinguishes structured (objective) personality tests from projective personality tests?

Answer 14

Structured tests provide a statement requiring the subject to choose between responses, while projective tests are unstructured and ambiguous

Question 15

What is a case study?

Answer 15

Assembly of case history data into an illustrative account report concerning a person or event

Question 16

What is naturalistic observation?

Answer 16

Observing behavior in a natural setting where it typically occurs

Question 17

What is Computer-Assisted Psychological Assessment (CAPA)?

Answer 17

Refers to the assistance computers provide to test users, not test takers

Question 18

What is the principle of reliability in psychological testing?

Answer 18

Accuracy, dependability, consistency, or repeatability of test results

Question 19

What is the main role of the test developer?

Answer 19

To create tests or other methods of assessment

Question 20

Who are the test users?

Answer 20

Clinicians, counselors, school psychologists, HR personnel, consumer psychologists, experimental psychologists, and social psychologists

Question 21

What is the purpose of achievement tests in educational settings?

Answer 21

To evaluate accomplishment or the degree of learning that has taken place

Question 22

What is the difference between dementia and pseudodementia?

Answer 22

Dementia is loss of cognitive functioning due to brain damage, while pseudodementia is severe depression mimicking cognitive decline

Question 23

Fill in the blank: A _______ test is a tool of assessment wherein assessees are directed to act as if they were in a particular situation.

Answer 23

Role-Play

Question 24

What is the objective of a diagnostic test?

Answer 24

To help narrow down and identify areas of deficit to be targeted for intervention

Question 25

What does dynamic assessment involve?

Answer 25

An interactive approach that follows a model of evaluation, intervention, and evaluation

Question 26

What is the purpose of feedback sessions in psychological assessment?

Answer 26

To communicate findings to the assessee and/or interested third parties

Question 27

True or False: The tester is key to the psychological testing process.

Answer 27

False

Question 28

What is the definition of a cut score?

Answer 28

A reference point, usually numerical, derived by judgment and used to divide a set of data into classifications

Question 29

What is the role of the assessor in psychological assessment?

Answer 29

Key to the process of selecting tests and drawing conclusions from the evaluation

Question 30

What are the two types of behavior measured in psychological tests?

Answer 30

* Overt behavior * Covert behavior

Question 31

What is the purpose of motivational interviewing?

Answer 31

To combine person-centered listening with cognition-altering techniques to positively affect motivation

Question 32

What is the significance of test scoring?

Answer 32

Process of assigning evaluative codes or statements to performance

Question 33

What is an alternate assessment?

Answer 33

Evaluative or diagnostic procedure that varies from the usual way a measurement is derived, involving special accommodations or alternative methods.

Question 34

What do test catalogues usually contain?

Answer 34

Brief descriptions of tests with limited technical information, primarily aimed at selling the test.

Question 35

What is the purpose of test manuals?

Answer 35

Contains detailed information about the test's development and technical aspects, often requiring proof of professional training to purchase.

Question 36

What can professional books provide regarding tests?

Answer 36

Useful information about the content, structure, and assessment purposes of a test.

Question 37

What are reference volumes?

Answer 37

Authoritative compilations of test reviews providing detailed information for each listed test.

Question 38

What do journal articles about tests typically include?

Answer 38

Reviews of the test, studies of its psychometric soundness, or examples of its application.

Question 39

What historical testing program was established during the Ming Dynasty?

Answer 39

A national multistage testing program with local and regional testing centers.

Question 40

Who coined the term 'mental test'?

Answer 40

James Cattell in 1890.

Question 41

What was the Binet-Simon Scale designed for?

Answer 41

To identify Paris schoolchildren with intellectual disabilities.

Question 42

What does the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale measure?

Answer 42

A child's mental age relative to peers.

Question 43

Who introduced the Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale?

Answer 43

David Weschler.

Question 44

What was the main purpose of Army Alpha and Army Beta tests?

Answer 44

To efficiently screen the intellectual ability of WWI recruits.

Question 45

What is the Personal Data Sheet?

Answer 45

A measure of adjustment and emotional stability developed by Robert Woodworth.

Question 46

What is the Rorschach inkblot test used for?

Answer 46

To assess personality by asking subjects to explain inkblots.

Question 47

What does the Thematic Apperception Test require from subjects?

Answer 47

To create a story about an ambiguous scene.

Question 48

What is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory known for?

Answer 48

Using empirical methods to determine test response meanings.

Question 49

Define 'culture' in the context of assessment.

Answer 49

Socially transmitted behavior patterns, beliefs, and products of work of a particular population.

Question 50

What sparked the nature-nurture debate of intelligence?

Answer 50

Goddard's research on the applicability of the Binet test to non-native English speakers.

Question 51

What are culture-specific tests designed to do?

Answer 51

Isolate cultural variables in measuring intelligence.

Question 52

What issue arises with verbal communication in assessments?

Answer 52

Misunderstandings can occur if the examiner and examinee do not speak the same language.

Question 53

What role does nonverbal communication play in assessment?

Answer 53

Conveys messages through facial expressions and gestures.

Question 54

How do societal standards influence the evaluation of behavior?

Answer 54

They determine what is considered male- or female-appropriate or psychopathological.

Question 55

What are the characteristics of individualist cultures?

Answer 55

Value traits like self-reliance, autonomy, and competitiveness.

Question 56

What are the characteristics of collectivist cultures?

Answer 56

Value traits like conformity, cooperation, and group goals.