Psychology Flashcards
(30 cards)
According to Watson’s behaviorism, what must psychology study?
Only external, observable, and measurable behavior
What was the initial purpose of narco-analysis in the early 20th century?
Treatment of psychiatric disorders
What is the primary focus of psychologists who take the cognitive approach?
Unobservable mental events
Understanding the concept of school of thoughts
A way of thinking that focuses on individual experiences
What is a brief historical perspective in psychology?
Examination of the past events and developments
Which approach emphasized the importance of direct observations and experimentation in psychology?
Empiricism
Which school of thought in psychology highlights the importance of individual subjective experiences?
Humanistic theories
Who is known for the person- centered approach in Humanistic psychology?
Carl Rogers
What ancient Greek physician is often credited for one of the earliest perspectives on personality?
Willam Sheldon
Who is known for the Big Five personality traits model?
Eyesnak
According to Carl Jung’s typology, what are the two opposing personality types?
Introversion/Extroversion
Which approach emphasizes the role of observational learning and imitation in personality development?
Social-Cognitive
Which issue in measuring personality refers to the consistency of test results over time?
Test-retest reliability
What is a motive in psychology?
A specific internal state that arouses and directs behavior
How does a drive differ from a need?
Drive is a psychological tension arising from a need; need is a physiological deficiency
What motive is characterized by the urge to understand and gain knowledge?
Curiosity
Which motive involves the desire for physical closeness and intimacy?
Affiliation
Which motive is linked to the need for restorative processes and maintaining bodily functions?
Sleep
What is the James-Lange Theory of emotion?
Emotions result from physiological reactions
Which theory proposes that physiological responses and emotions occur simultaneously?
Cannon-Bard Theory
According to Schachter’s Cognitive Theory, what role does cognition play in emotions?
Interpretation of physiological arousal is essential for emotional experience
In the context of emotions, what is cultural relativism?
Belief that emotional experiences are consistent across all cultures
Which theory emphasizes the role of situational factors in the experience of emotions?
Schachter’s Cognitive Theory
What is the main criticism of the James-Lange Theory of emotion?
It oversimplifies the relationship between emotions and physiology
