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Psychology 2/3 Test > Psychology 2/3 Test > Flashcards

Psychology 2/3 Test Flashcards

(92 cards)

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0
Q

peripheral nervous system (PNS)

A

nerves, tissues, everything else

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1
Q

central nervous system (CNS)

A

brain and spinal cord

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2
Q

autonomic nervous system

A

maintains automatic survival functions like heartbeat

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3
Q

somatic or skeletal nervous system

A

deals with voluntary movements of the body

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4
Q

sympathetic nervous system

A

arouses body when in stressful situations…fight or flight

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5
Q

parasympathetic nervous system

A

calms body down after a stressful situation is over

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6
Q

sensory neurons

A

(afferent neurons)

sends message from PNS to CNS

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7
Q

interneurons

A

communicate messages with CNS

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8
Q

motor neurons

A 
efferent neurons (M turned sideways in motor is E)
sends messages from the CNS to the PNS
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9
Q

location of neurons

A 
dendrites(the bushy beginning near nucleus)
Soma(the closest to nucleus)
myelin sheath(the rectangular)
axon(between myeline sheaths)
terminal buttons(the bushy end)
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10
Q

serotonin

A

regulates MOOD (depression)

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11
Q

dopamine

A

regulates ATTENTION, PLEASURABLE EMOTIONS (Parkinson’s disease and schizophrenia)

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12
Q

acetylcholine (AcH)

A

released with MUSCLE MOVEMENT and MEMORY (Alzheimer’s disease)

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13
Q

norepinephrine

A

released to AROUSE and raise ALERTNESS in your body during stress (sympathetic nervous system)

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14
Q

GABA

A

anti-anxiety neurotransmitter, CALMS BODY DOWN

parasympathetic nervous system

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15
Q

endorphins

A

PAINKILLER neurotransmitter also called “MORPHINE WITHIN”

mimicked by opiates like heroin

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16
Q

agonists

A

refers to chemicals that MIMIC (COPY) the effect of a neurotransmitter

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17
Q

antagonist

A

refers to chemicals that BLOCK the effect of a neurotransmitter

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18
Q

CT scan

A

uses X-RAYS passed through the brain to show structure or extent of a lesion

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19
Q

MRI

A

created more detailed computerized images using MAGNETIC FIELDS and pulses of RADIO WAVES to cause emissions of signals that depend on density of tissue

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20
Q

fMRI

A

functional magnetic resonance imaging reveals BLOOD FLOW and BRAIN ACTIVITY

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21
Q

EEG

A

amplified tracing of BRAIN ACTIVITY created by placing ELECTRODES over scalp to transmit signals about BRAINS ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY

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22
Q

PET

A

shows BRAIN ACTIVITY when RADIOACTIVITY tagged glucose rushes to active neurons

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23
Q

endocrine system

A

slower communication center

regulates body and behavioral processes

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24
hormones
chemical messenger that travels through the bloodstream
25
pineal gland
gland in brain that produces melotonin which helps regulate circadian rhythms
26
adrenal gland
secrete stress hormones for "fight or flight" like the sympathetic nervous system located above the KIDNEY
27
pituitary gland
"master gland" | produces hormones and regulates activity of other glands in endocrine system
28
neuron
nerve cell
29
threshold
minimal level stimulation required for an unreal impulse to fire
30
synapse
(junction or gap) | between the axon
31
nervous system
electrochemical communication center
32
reflex
simple autonomic inborn response to a sensory stimulus
33
lesion
natural or experimentally damaged tissue
34
hindbrain
consists medulla, pons, cerebellum
35
midbrain
consists reticular formation and clusters of nerve cells
36
forebrain
consists thalamus, limbic system, hypothalamus, cerebral cortex which contain the lobes of the brain
37
brainstem
oldest part of the brain
38
medulla
controls breathing and heartbeat
39
cerebellum
responsible for balance, movement
40
pons
connects lower and mid brain regions carry neural info between the areas
41
reticular formation
nerve network
42
thalamus
sensory switchboard
43
limbic system
controlling emotions | includes hippocampus, amygdala, hypothalamus, pituitary
44
hippocampus
formation of memories
45
hypothalamus
"queen gland" involved in a variety of drives feeling of hunger, thirst, and sex
46
amygdala
neural clusters linked to emotions like aggression and fear
47
cerebral cortex
information processing center
48
frontal lobe
speaking and muscle movement | making plans and judgments
49
parietal lobe
register and process body sensations (sense of touch)
50
occipital lobe
visual areas
51
temporal lobe
auditory areas
52
association areas
areas of cerebral cortex not involved in motor or sensory processes
53
aphasia
impairment of language
54
Broca's area
left FRONTAL LOBE that directs the muscle movements involved in speech
55
Wernicke's area
left TEMPORAL LOBE involved in language comprehension
56
plasticity
the brain's capacity for modification
57
corpus callosum
large bundle of neural fibers that allows the two sides of the brain to communicate cutting it leads to split brains
58
split brain
split brain illustrates LEFT brain used for LANGUAGE and RIGHT used for SPATIAL and NON-LINGUISTIC FUNCTIONS
59
chromosome
threadlike structures | 23 from mom/dad
60
DNA
containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes
61
nucleotides
biochemical letters that make up genes (A T C G)
62
genes
biochemical units of heredity
63
genome
complete instructions for making an organism
64
genotype
specific genetic pattern or "blueprint" that makes you distinct from anyone else
65
phenotype
observable characteristics or traits of an individual
66
mutations
random errors in gene replication
67
evolutionary psychology
evolution of behavior using the principles of natural selection
68
gender
people define male or female
69
behavior genetics
the power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior
70
environment
every non-genetic influence
71
identical twins
single fertilized egg
72
fraternal twins
develop from separate fertilized eggs
73
temperament
emotional reactivity and intensity
74
heritability
proportion of variation among individuals
75
interaction
effect of one factor depends on another factor
76
molecular genetics
studies molecular structure and function of genes
77
prenatal environment
first stage of nurture
78
culture
enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, and traditions
79
sociocultural perspective
behavior and thoughts change according to society/culture we were raised in
80
personal space
buffer zone
81
memes
self-replicating ideas
82
X chromosome
sex chromosome in men and women
83
Y chromosome
sec chromosome only in men
84
testosterone
most important male sex hormone
85
gender role
set of expected behaviors for males and females
86
gender identity
one's sense of being male or female
87
social learning theory
learn social behavior by observing and imitating and by being rewarded or punished
88
gender schema theory
cognitive theory that children learn what is male and female and act accordingly
89
jean piaget
cognitive
90
John Watson
behavioral
91
sigmund Freud
psychodynamic

Psychology 2/3 Test (1 decks)

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